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Вживання:
e.g. My sister plays the piano well. She speaks English fluently.
e.g. The Earth goes round the Sun. Water boils at 100 degrees.
e.g. I usually go to bed at 11 o’clock. He doesn’t often eat meat. He is never late to school.
Sometimes i usually можуть вживатися також на початку чи в кінці речення.
e.g. Sometimes we play chess. We play chess sometimes.
Usually I go shopping with my friends. I go shopping with my friends usually.
e.g. Every day we go to the shop to buy some bread.
We spend our holidays at the seaside every year.
Утворення:
e.g. I work you work
we work they work
а) У 3 особі однини до інфінітива без частки to додається закінчення –s чи - es. Більшість дієслів у 3 особі однини мають закінчення –s.
e.g. to keep – he keep s to play – she play s
Закінчення –es додається у таких випадках:
1) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на – s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -tch, -x, -z.
e.g. to dress – he dresses to wash – she washes
to teach – he teaches to mix – she mixes.
2) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на –у з попередньою приголосною, то перед буква –у змінюється на –і.
e.g. to study – he studies to cry – she cries
Але: Якщо перед –у стоїть голосна, то до дієслова додається лише закінчення
-s: e.g. to play – he plays to stay – she stays
3) якщо основа дієслова закінчується на –о: e.g. to go – he goes to do – she does
I We You They | play | tennis football | every day. |
He She it | play s |
I We You They | do not (don’t) | play | tennis football | every day. |
He She it | does not (doesn’t) | play |
Do | I we you they | play | tennis football | every day? |
Does | he she it | play |
Короткі відповіді на загальні питання:
Yes, I/ we/ you/ they do. No, I/ we/ you/ they don’t.
Yes, he/ she/ it does. No, he/ she/ it doesn’t.
При утворенні спеціальних питань питальне слово ставиться перед допоміжним.
What | do | I we you they | play | every day? |
does | he she it | play |
Але: У питаннях до підмета ми не вживаємо допоміжного дієслова.
e. g. Who cooks the dinner? What makes you happy?
Питальні слова: Who? Where?
What? Why?
Which? How many?
Whose? How much?
Whom? At what time?
When? How often?
Present Simple дієслова “ To be ”
I | am (’m) | a student |
He She It | is (’s) | |
We You They | are (’re) | students. |
I | am not (’m not) | a student |
He She It | is not (isn’t) | |
We You They | are not (aren’t) | students. |
Am | I | a student? |
Is | he she she | |
Are | we you they | students? |
Короткі відповіді:
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Yes, he/ she/ it is. No, he/ she/ it is not (isn’t)
Yes, we/ you/ they are. No, we/ you/ they are not (aren’t).
What | am | I? |
is | he? she? it? | |
are | we? you? they? |
Present Simple дієслова “ To have / have got ”
I | have (’ve) | = | I | have got (’ve got) | a house. |
He She It | has (’s) | He She It | has got (’s got) | ||
We You They | have (’ve) | We You They | have got (’ve got) |
Do | I we you they | have | = | Have | I we you they | got | a house? |
Does | he she it | Has | he she it |
I | do not (don’t) | have | = | I | have not got (haven’t got) | a house. |
He She It | does not (doesn’t) | He She It | has not got (hasn’t got) | |||
We You They | do not (don’t) | We You They | have not got (haven’t got) |
Короткі відповіді:
“Have”
Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Yes, he/ she/ it does No, he/ she/ it doesn’t
Yes, we/ you/ they do. No, we/ you/ they don’t.
“Have got”
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ she/ it hasn’t.
Yes, we/ you/ they have. No, we/ you/ they haven’t.
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Present Perfect | | | New Grammar |