Ex. 32. Read text G and answer the question in the title in Russian.

Text G. What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force created by the heart as it pushes blood into the arteries and the circulatory system. When pumping, the heart makes blood flow through the arteries and into the arterioles. As the blood goes through the arterioles, the arterioles either contract or expand altering both the amount of blood flow and the resistance to blood flow. If the arterioles remain in a contracted form, they create high blood pressure. The heart must then pump harder because the arterioles are exerting a greater resistance to blood flow. It is high blood pressure that is often called the "silent killer". High blood pressure is called this because there are usually no symptoms reported.

High blood pressure is a risk for both heart disease and stroke. Unfortunately, high blood pressure usually has no specific symptoms and no early warning signs (предупреждающие признаки). It directly increases the risk of heart disease.High blood pressure is a risk for heart disease because the heart is working harder than normal thus putting the heart and the arteries under a greater risk. When the heart is forced to work harder for long periods of time, the heart becomes enlarged. A heart that is slightly enlarged may function okay but a severely enlarged heart has a hard time pumping a sufficient amount of blood. It is high blood pressure that is also a risk for strokes. It is estimated that millions of people all over he world have high blood pressure without knowing it.

Blood pressure is an important diagnostic index, especially of circulatory function. It is blood pressure that is an important diagnostic index for many reasons. Firstly, any condition that dilates or contracts the blood vessels or affects their elasticity, affects the blood pressure. Secondly, any disease of the heart that interferes (взаимодействует) with its pumping power, affects the blood pressure. Thus if blood pressure is abnormally low or high, it usually indicates that greater health problems are present. The longer a patient suffers from abnormally low or high blood pressure the more the risk.

There are many ways decreasing blood pressure. Blood pressure can be decreased if a person exercises, doesn't smoke, limits salt intake, limits alcohol intake and if obese, loses weight. Individuals who are very active have a lower risk of getting high blood pressure (20 to 50 percent) than people who are not active.

Ex. 33. Translate at sight:

JUST THE FACTS:

• If you stretch together your blood vessels, they could circle the globe 2 1/2 times!
• The adult body contains over 60,000 miles of blood vessels!
• The average 3-year-old child has two pints of blood in their body!
• The average adult has at least five times more blood in their body than a 3-year-old!
• The adult heart pumps nearly 4000 gallons of blood each day!
• Your heart beats approximately 30 million times a year!
• A "heartbeat" is the sound of the valves in the heart closing when they push blood through its 4 chambers.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-20