Appendix 4. Verb-Aspect Chart Past Present Future Simple Действие: постоянное

Verb-Aspect Chart

	Past	Present	Future
Simple	Действие: постоянное, регулярное в прошлом Образование: V2 (Ved) Вспомогат. гл.: did Слова-подсказки: yesterday, last month, a year ago, in 1983… Пример: We saw this film last week. Did we see this film last week? Whosaw this film last week? What did we see last week?	Действие: 1) постоянное, регулярное, часто повторяющееся; 2) будущее (по расписанию, плану, графику); 3) вместо Future Simple в придаточных предложениях времени и условия Образование: V1 (Vs – he, she, it) Вспомогат. гл.: do (does – he, she, it) Слова-подсказки: usually, often, always, sometimes, every day… Пример: 1) They usually visit us on Saturdays. 2) The train arrives at 6 p.m. 3) I’ll go for a walk if the weather is fine.	Действие: постоянное, регулярное в будущем Образование: will+V1; shall+V1 – I, we Вспомогат. гл.: will (shall – I, we) Слова-подсказки: tomorrow, next week, in a day, in 2012… Пример: She’ ll visit our country in a month. Will she visit our country? Who will visit our country? What will she visit? Отрицат. формы: will not=won’t Shall not=shan’t
Continuous (be+Ving) Не используются глаголы: like, love, hate, want, need, prefer, know, realise, understand, believe, see, hear, smell, taste, have.	Действие: происходящее в конкретный момент в прошлом Образование: was, were+Ving Вспомогат. гл.: was, were Слова-подсказки: when you came, at 2 p.m. yesterday… Пример: Mother was cooking the dinner when we came home. Was Mother cooking the dinner when we came? Whowas cooking the dinner when we came? What was Mother doing when we came?	Действие: 1) происходящее в данный момент; 2) происходящее в более широкий отрезок времени, но его выполнение важно для говорящего; 3) будущее (зависит от говорящего) Образование: am, is, are+Ving Вспомогат. гл.: am, is, are Слова-подсказки: now, at the moment… Пример: 1) It is raining now. 2) I’ m studying English. 3) We’ re leaving on Sunday.	Действие: происходящее в конкретный момент в будущем Образование: will be+Ving; shall be+Ving – I, we Вспомогат. гл.: will (shall – I, we) Слова-подсказки: when you come, at 2 p.m. in a day... Пример: Tomorrow at 4 a.m. I’ ll be flying to Japan. Who will be flying to Japan at 4 a.m. tomorrow? What time shall I be flying to Japan?

Продолжение таблицы «Verb-Aspect Chart»

Perfect (have+V3, Ved)	Действие: завершившееся к определенному моменту в прошлом (предпрошедшее время) Образование: had+V3(Ved) Вспомогат. гл.: had Слова-подсказки: by 3 p.m. yesterday, when the film began… Пример: The students had left the class by the time the teacher came. Had the students left the class by the time the teacher came?	Действие: завершившееся к моменту речи и есть результат Образование: have+V3(Ved); has+V3(Ved) – he, she, it Вспомогат. гл.: have (has – he, she, it) Слова-подсказки: ever, never, just, already, yet, lately, recently… Пример: I’ve never been to Belfast. Have you ever been to Belfast? Who has never been to Belfast? Where have you never been to?	Действие: завершившееся к определенному моменту в будущем Образование: will have+V3(Ved); shall have+V3(Ved) – I, we Вспомогат. гл.: will (shall – I, we) Слова-подсказки: by 5 p.m. tomorrow, by the end of the lesson… Пример: We’ ll have finished the test by the end of the lesson. Who will have finished the test by the end of the lesson.
Perfect Continuous (have been+Ving)	Действие: длившееся и завершившееся к определенному моменту в прошлом Образование: had been+Ving; Вспомогат. гл.: had Слова-подсказки: for the whole day till 11 p.m… Пример: He had been working in the library for 5 hours till it closed. Whohad been working in the library for 5 hours till it closed?	Действие: начавшееся до момента речи, длившееся и или завершившееся к моменту речи или еще продолжающееся Образование: have been+Ving; has been+Ving – he, she, it Вспомогат. гл.: have (has – he, she, it) Слова-подсказки: for 3 hours, since last year, from yesterday morning till today… Пример: I’ ve been going in for tennis since I was 4. Whohas been going in for tennis since he was 4? Where has he been going since he was 4?	Действие: длящееся и завершившееся к определенному моменту в будущем Образование: will have been+Ving; shall have been+Ving – I, we Вспомогат. гл.: will (shall – I, we) Слова-подсказки: for12 hours by 6 p.m…. Пример: He will have been sleeping for 12 hours by 6. Whowill have been sleeping for 12 hours? What will he have been doing for 12 hours by 6 p.m.?

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