Силиконовая Долина или Кремниевая?

Конечно, название Силиконовая Долина – ошибочное: русскоязычный вариант названия «Силиконовая долина» возник из-за схожести написания английских терминов silicon (кремний) и silicone (силикон) (ложные друзья переводчика). В англоязычных же источниках «Силиконовой долиной» (то есть англ. Silicone Valley) могут называть другое место — Долину Сан-Фернандо (также известную как «порнодолина»). Очевидно, что со словом силикон у многих возникают совсем не цифровые ассоциации. Формально это так, но в России уже давно прижилось название Силиконовая Долина, оно более привычно. Но если кому-то нравится говорить Кремниевая Долина, – что ж, о вкусах не спорят, ведь речь идет об одном и том же!

Кремниевую Долину образуют около 30 городов: Ист-Пало-Альто, Купертино, Кэмпбелл, Ливермор, Лос-Алтос, Лос-Алтос-Хилз, Лос-Гатос, Маунтин-Вью, Милпитас, Мэнло-Парк, Ньюарк, Пало-Альто, Плезантон, Редвуд-Сити, Сан-Хосе, Саннивейл, Санта-Клара, Санта-Круз, Саратога, Скотс-Вэли, Трейси, Фримонт, Юнион-Сити.

Университеты Кремниевой Долины:

• Northwestern Polytechnic University (Fremont);

• Carnegie Mellon University;

• San Jose State University;

• Santa Clara University;

• Stanford University.

В состав Кремниевой Долины входит около 7 тыс. (!) компаний. Среди них всемирно известные:

• Adobe Systems;

• Advanced Micro Devices (AMD);

• Apple Inc.;

• Cisco Systems;

• Dolby Laboratories Inc.;

• eBay;

• Google;

• Hewlett-Packard;

• Intel;

• Intuit;

• Juniper Networks;

• Maxtor;

• National Semiconductor;

• Nintendo;

• NVIDIA Corporation;

• Oracle Corporation;

• SanDisk;

• Sun Microsystems;

• Symantec;

• Yahoo!

Те IT -корпорации, головные офисы которых находятся в других местах (так уж исторически сложилось!), считают своим долгом – и честью для себя! – иметь свои представительства в Кремниевой Долине, например:

• 3Com;

• Adaptec;

• Foundry Networks;

• Fujitsu;

• Hitachi Global Storage Technologies;

• McAfee;

• Microsoft;

• Netscape;

• NeXT Computer, Inc.;

• Palm, Inc.;

• PayPal;

• Rambus;

• Silicon Graphics;

• VeriSign;

• Veritas Software;

• VMware.

A Few Quotes From... Silicon Valley History

In the beginning was the WORD and the word was... Silicon Valley. Don Hoefler is credited with coining the phrase: Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley is the only place on Earth not trying to figure out how to become Silicon Valley. Robert Metcalfe

Silicon Valley is an area that "located on the San Francisco, California, peninsula, radiates outward from Stanford University. It is contained by the San Francisco Bay on the east, the Santa Cruz Mountains on the west, and the Coast Range to the southeast. At the turn of the century, when fruit orchards predominated, the area was known as the Valley of Heart's Delight ", as Carolyn E. Tajnai, former Director (1988 - 1997) of Stanford Computer Forum begins one of her comprehensive online-manuscripts that described Silicon Valley history.

When Stanford University started to have some financial problems, the authorities of university tried to solve the problems by leasing part of the university land to high-tech companies for 99 years.

" In the 1950's, the idea of building an industrial park arose. The university had plenty of land over 8,000 acres....but money was needed to finance the University's rapid postwar growth. The original bequest of his farm by Leland Stanford prohibited the sale of this land, but there was nothing to prevent its being leased. It turned out that long-term leases were just as attractive to industry as outright ownership; thus, the Stanford Industrial Park was founded.

The goal was to create a center of high technology close to a cooperative university. It was a stroke of genius, and Terman, calling it “our secret weapon,'' quickly suggested that leases be limited to high technology companies that might be beneficial to Stanford. In 1951 Varian Associates signed a lease, and in 1953 the company moved into the first building in the park. Eastman Kodak, General Electric, Preformed Line Products, Admiral Corporation, Shockley Transistor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, Lockheed, Hewlett-Packard, and others followed soon after." Fred Terman, The father of Silicon Valley by Carolyn Tajnai.

"Gradually, facilities were moved from leased quarters in San Carlos to a quiet corner of Stanford land, thus creating what is today the Company's headquarters site, and incidentally bringing into being the Stanford Industrial Park - the most successful complex of its kind in the world." Source: Varian Associates: An Early History

The First building of Silicon Valley

Among the different organizations that were instrumental in the process of creating Silicon Valley the significant role was the Stanford Research Institute (SRI): After World War II, a great industrial push was under way to reinvigorate the economy. Founded by a small group of business executives in conjunction with Stanford University, Stanford Research Institute (our founding name) was created in 1946 as a West Coast center of innovation to support economic development in the region. The world's first digital computer (ENIAC, weighing in at 30 tons) was introduced, and in what is now known as Silicon Valley a three-bedroom home sold for $10,000. Source: SRI Timeline

In 1995 William Hewlett decided to describe in more details his own concept of Silicon Valley's birth.

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