Past tenses

Past Simple обозначает:     Обстоятельства времени: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last time, last month, a week ago, when I was five, in 1939, in those days     v When ….? When did you arrive in Britain?

1) выражает констатацию факта, свершившегося в прошлом Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 BC. 2) последовательные события: Suddenly, a woman came round the corner and walked right up to me. “Are you Mr. Marlowe?” she asked. When we got to the junction I took the left turn while Micky took the right. 3) действия, свойственные подлежащему в прошлом We lived just outside Oxford in the nineties, but we didn’t have a car. 4) повторяющиеся действия: I always got up at six in those days. v used to – часто употребляется в сопоставлении с настоящим («раньше») I used to go swimming a lot but I don’t now. Did you use to get free milk at school? Lithuania used to be part of the Soviet Union, but it isn’t now. v would – выражает действия, которые происходили в прошлом время от времени («бывало») Every week he ’d buy his mother a bunch of flowers. We would get up early every Sunday to go to church.

Составитель Рахимбергенова Майра Хаджимуратовна

Past Continuous обозначает: Ø незавершенное действие     Обстоятельства времени: while, when, all morning \ evening \ week   Ø соблюдайте исключения

1) длительное действие, рассматриваемое в процессе During my training I was earning a lot less than my wife. 2) Одновременные длительные действия We were watching the sky and listening for the first sounds of the dawn chorus. I was standing outside the bus station. It was getting late and I was feeling tired. I was waiting for a man called Johnny Mars. We didn 't hear the intruder because we were sleeping on the top floor that night. 3) Выражает длительное действие, в какой-то момент которого было совершено внезапное действие, выраженное PAST SIMPLE I was driving along when suddenly a child ran across the road. We were watching the tennis match when there was an electricity black-out.

Past Perfect обозначает:     Обстоятельства времени: before, a fortnight before, after, already, just, by the time, never … *No sooner \ Hardly + past perfect than \ when + past simple Hardly had I gone to bed when the telephone rang.

Действие, которое было выполнено в прошлом к определенному моменту, выраженному: 1) Точным указанием времени с предлогом by (к) By the end of the fourth day we had exhausted most of our rations. 2) другим действием, выраженным Past Simple Bill had hoped to retire at 60, but they persuaded him to stay on for a few more months. I knew him at once though I had met him many years before. He had heard the news a few days earlier and he was still in shock. When we got back the babysitter had gone home. Составитель Рахимбергенова Майра Хаджимуратовна

Past Perfect Continuous:   Обстоятельства времени: for, since, how long, before, until Ø в случае, если глагол – исключение, употребляется PAST PERFECT) I had always believed that it would be easy to get a job.

1) подчеркивает длительность действия, которое началось и закончилось в прошлом, до того, как произошло другое действие, выраженное Past Simple The lake was near bursting point as it had been raining heavily for weeks. He had been traveling all night and he was exhausted. We had been playing tennis for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily. * How long …..? Since when ….?

Дата добавления: 2015-07-19