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Being on TV
People act a little strangely when a television camera comes their way. Some people behave as if a crazy puppeteer were pulling their strings. Their arms jerk wildly about, and they begin jumping up and down for no apparent reason. Often they accompany their body movements with loud screams, squeals, and yelps. Another group of people engage in an activity known as the cover-up. They will be calmly watching a sports game or other televised event when they realize the camera is focused on them. The camera operator can't resist zooming in for a close-up of these people. Then there are those who practice their funny faces on the unsuspecting public. They take advantage of the television time to show off their talents, hoping to get that big break that will carry them to stardom. Finally, there are those who pretend they are above reacting for the camera. They wipe an expression from their faces and appear to be interested in something else. Yet if the camera stays on them long enough, they will slyly check to see if they are still being watched. Everybody's behavior seems to be slightly strange in front of a TV camera.
Chicken: Our Best Friend
Chicken is the best-selling meat today for a number of good reasons. First of all, its reasonable cost puts it within everyone's reach. Chicken is popular, too, because it can be prepared in so many different ways. It can, for example, be cooked by itself, in spaghetti sauce, or with noodles and gravy. It can be baked, boiled, broiled, or fried. Chicken is also convenient. Last and most important, chicken has a high nutritional value. Four ounces of chicken contain twenty-eight grams of protein, which is almost half the recommended daily dietary allowance.
(Source: Langan, John (2008). English Skills with Readings)
Activity 4: Qualifying your claims
Identify the verb making the weaker claim in these sentences:
1. The results indicate/ establish that there is a link between smoking and lung cancer.
2. Table 9 suggests/ shows that the number of articles written and published by nonnative speakers will continue to increase.
3. The latest series of studies question / challenge the conclusions of much previous research.
4. The results given in Figure 4 validate / support the second hypothesis.
5. The quantities displayed in the table have been assumed/shown to be about 98% accurate.
6. The test results create/ suggest a basis for product modification.
7. Changes in ambient temperature may have influenced / distorted the test results.
8. In their earlier work, they failed/ neglected to take ambient temperature into account.
9. As shown in Table 3, the new tax laws have encouraged / stimulated industrial investment.
10. Figure 12 depicts / clarifies the relationship between these two systems.
Now, see if you can make these sentences academically respectable and defensible by modulating their claims:
1 Attractive people have more favorable personal attributes than unattractive people.
2. Economic sanctions are ineffective.
3. Alcohol causes people to become violent.
4. Passive smoking causes cancer.
5. Recycling is the best solution to the waste disposal problem.
6. Physical exercise prevents depression.
7. Deep tunnels are safer and less vulnerable to earthquake shaking than are shallow tunnels.
8. Private schools provide a better education than do public schools.
Self-confident and attractive people have more charming and good qualities then another.
Practice shows that economic sanctions against selected country are not effective for that in global economy they influence for all regimes and countries.
One of the consequences of alcohol intoxication is a partial disconnection of instinct of self-preservation and this force people to aggression.
Passive smoking increases the chances of developing cancer in the presence of predisposition, but it does not cause of lung cancer.
Waste recycling is the most environmentally friendly and profitable refuse treatment.
According to George Mammen work, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, physical exercise can prevent episodes of depression in the long term.
From side of security will be much better if the tunnels are deep rather than shallow tunnels, it makes them less vulnerable to earthquakes
Private schools provide children with better education because of a stronger and more teaching staff and more paying attention to each student individually.
(Adapted from Swales & Feak, 2004, Academic Writing for Graduate Students)
Activity 5: Clarity & effective presentation of evidence
The paragraph below should use climactic (or emphatic) order. Number its main events in order of importance: from the least to the most intense. Put 1 before the reason that seems slightly less important than the other two, 2 before the second most important reason, and 3 before the most important reason:
3 Obscene phone caller
1 Crime increase in neighborhood
2 News stories about crime
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