(1832-83) French
This first Impressionist (though he never exhibited with other Impressionists) is also known as the "first modern painter" for his choice of subjects. He painted contemporary life rather than basing his work on traditional or moral themes.
* Dejeuner sur L'Herbe; Olympia
Henri Matisse
(1869-1954) French
The French Riviera provided a rich source of color for Matisse, who built an international reputation as a modern painter equaled only by Picasso. His use of pure, vivid tones rather than natural shades inspired Fauvism.
* L'Escargot
Michelangelo
(1475-1564) Italian
By his early twenties, Michelangelo had already displayed technical mastery in his sculptures of the human figure. The composition and emotional expressiveness of his statues, frescoes and architecture raised the profile of art as a profession.
*Sistine Chapel ceiling
Claude Monet
(1840-1926) French
It was Monet's painting impression: Sunrise that gave the Impressionists their name. He specialized in depicting variations of light and atmosphere.
* The Gare St. Lazare; Rouen Cathedral
Henry Moore
(1898-1986) British
The main works of the best-known sculptor of the 20th century represent the human form in a bold, semiabstract style and often on a huge scale. The figures reflect the curving shapes of the landscape.
* King and Queen
Jackson Pollock
(1912-56) American
This leading abstract Expressionist aimed for the direct expression of his unconscious. His paintings hint at gestures or forms among their colored drips or trails.
* Number 14
Raphael
(1483-1520) Italian
The limpid colors, graceful figures and symmetrical architectural backgrounds of Raphael's paintings made him a leading artist of the High Renaissance. His work inspired all of the later classical painters.
*The School of Athens; Madonna della Sedia
Rembrandt
(1606-69) Dutch
The most highly regarded of the Dutch painters —a master of technique in painting and etching. Rembrandt was the first to establish a profoundly perceptive, expressive style of portraiture.
* The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp; Self Portrait (1658)
Auguste Rodin
(1840-1917) French
Rodin's expressive natural forms revived the popularity of sculpture among the public and secured his reputation as the leading French Postimpressionist sculptor. * The Thinker
Peter Paul Rubens
(1577-1640) Flemish
The "father of High Baroque style" was known for his huge, dramatic canvases painted for courts across Europe.
*Self Portrait with Isabella Brant; Arrival of the Queen at Marseilles
Titian
(c 1483-1576) Italian
One of the greatest Renaissance artists, Titian's bold brushwork revolutionized oil painting techniques. His style influenced many later painters, including Rubens and Velazquez.
* Pieta
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