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Россия продала Северо-Американским Соединенным штатам Аляску всего по 4 доллара 73 цента за кв.км. Территория площадью 1 млн 519 тыс.кв.км была продана 30 марта 1867 года за 7.2 мпн долларов золотом (по современному курсу примерно 104 млн.долларов). А что было делать? Казне срочно нужны были деньги. Чтобы выплатить помещикам компенсацию за отмену крепостного права Александр Второй в 1862 г. занял у Ротшильдов 15 млн. фунтов стерлингов под 5% годовых. Надо же было возвращать! А территория была необжита (всего 2500 русских и 60000 индейцев) и очень далека от столицы. «Золотая лихорадка Клондайка», нефть и газ прославили Аляску позже, а пока эта затерянная земля обошлась американскому правительству дешевле, чем 3-х этажное здание окружного суда казначейству штата Нью-Йорк.
2. LISTENING
Задание. Прослушайте текст, делая необходимые записи. Передайте содержание текста на русском языке.
How a £60 fine turned into £3,200 court fight
A MOTORIST who challenged a £60 fine will have to pay £3,000 in costs after losing a two-year legal battle. Arthur Hayes, 54, was caught on camera travelling at more than 40mph on a 30mph road in Salford, Greater Manchester, in 2004. He fought the fine because a further three points would have meant losing his licence. Mr Hayes, from Middlesbrough, claimed that the position of the speed camera at Broughton Fire Station breached government guidelines. He hired a specialist consultant in speed limit signs and summoned transport officials as witnesses.
Mr Hayes’s case was lost when a judge at Salford Magistrates’ Court ruled that the guidelines were not part of the law. He was ordered to pay a fine of £200 and £3,000 in legal costs, but because the points he lost for previous offences have been spent, he will not lose his licence. Barry Culshaw, his lawyer, was also ordered to pay £2,588 in costs.
Mr Hayes said: “I had no choice but to fight it at the time because I had nine points on my licence and I could have been banned.”
Greater Manchester Police said: “If Hayes had accepted his fixed penalty, he would be a lot better off. This case has wasted a considerable amount of people’s time and effort.”
3. SIGHT TRANSLATION 1
Grandma arrested for driving with child on roof
MARATHON, Fla. - Authorities say a grandmother was arrested for driving around the parking lot of a Marathon grocery store with her 3-year-old child sitting on the roof of the car.
Monroe County Sheriff's Office deputies were called to the Publix store Tuesday and arrested a 54-year-old woman after she was driving around with her three-year-old granddaughter on the roof of her car.The grandmother was released from jail 15 hours later.The woman said Thursday she would never let anything hurt her granddaughter. She says she was driving at "snail-speed" and holding the child's leg.Authorities say the woman told police she was giving the child some air and letting her have fun.
She faces charges of child abuse. The child is back with her mother.
4. SIGHT TRANSLATION 2
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