Sign and symptoms of obstructive atelectasis

Breathlessness

Visual examination

If atelectasis large, there is severe condition o patient, tachypnea, cyanosis. Chest is asymmetric – affected side and chest excursion is diminished.

Palpation of the chest

It is obtained diminished or absent tactile vocal fremitus, because collapsed lung tissue damps acoustic waves. Chest resistance is increased.

Comparative percussion: It is dullness over atelectasis.

Topographic percussion: Lower lung border is lifted up by collapsed segments.

Auscultation of the lung

There are no any sounds over the atelectasis because air doesn’t come into alveoli.

Sign and symptoms of compressive atelectasis

Breathlessness

Visual examination

If atelectasis large, there is severe condition o patient, tachypnea, cyanosis. Chest is asymmetric – affected side is bigger than normal and chest excursion is diminished.

Palpation of the chest

It is obtained diminished or absent tactile vocal fremitus, because collapsed lung tissue damps acoustic waves. Chest resistance is increased.

Comparative percussion: It is dullness over atelectasis.

Topographic percussion: Lower lung border is lifted up by collapsed segments.

Auscultation of the lung

There is diminished bronchial sound over the atelectasis because collapsed lung tissue conducts acoustic waves from bronchus.

X-ray signs of atelectasis and addicted methods of diagnostics of atelectasis.

Diminished volume and elevated hemidiaphragm on affected side; mediastinal shift to affected side; increased opacity; scattered densities.

Materials for self-control (added)

Reference source

o Handbook of diseases.-.2^nd ed.- Springhouse Corporation, 2000 – P.85-86, 658-659, 668-669.

Professor assistant Demchuk H.V.

Test for self-control

1. Syndrome of the focal consolidation of the lung tissue can be if patient has:

1. focal pneumonia;
2. focal pneumofibrosis;
3. focal tuberculosis;
4. lung cancer;
5. all mentioned above.

2. Syndrome of the lobar consolidation of the lung does not reveal at patient with…

1. Lobar pneumonia
2. Infiltrative tuberculosis
3. Pulmonary embolism with infarction-pneumonia
4. COPD
5. Lung cancer

At the patient with lobar consolidation at palpation of the chest can be obtained

a. Amplifying vocal fremitus on the affected side

b. Weakened vocal fremitus on the affected side

c. Vocal fremitus does not change

d. Vocal fremitus is absent

e. Amplifying vocal fremitus on the health side

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