Classification of methods of radio therapy

I. Remote methods of long-focus radiotherapy:

- Shot-focus are carried out at distance of a source – a skin (RIC) from 1,5 up to 25 cm;

- Deep –focus are carried out at RIC from 30 cm up to 4 m.

Remote scale-therapy:

Static: the open fields, through a lead lattice, through lead wedge-shaped filter, through lead shielded blocks;

Mobile: rotational, pendular (sector), tangential or eccentrically, rotary-convergetive, rotational with operated speed.

Fig. 4.6. Schemes of a static and mobile remote radiation exposure.

1 - uniarial; 2 - polyarial; 3 - rotational; 4 - sector; 5 - tangential.

In a static radiation exposure the source of radiation during all time of an radiation exposure remains in the fixed position in relation to the patient. The mobile radiation exposure is characterized by moving of a source concerning the patient during the radiation exposure.

Advantages of a mobile radiation exposure in comparison with static: Greater accuracy, significant decrease and uniform distribution of radio loading to the skin. Lack of a mobile radiation exposure is the radiation exposure of significant volumes to the healthy tissues and the vital bodies which are located in a zone of radiation exposure.

1. Therapy by brake radiation of high energy:

Static: the open fields, through a lead lattice, through lead wedge-shaped filter, through lead shielding blocks

Mobile: rotational, pendular, tangential, rotational with operated speed

2. Fast electron therapy:

Static: the open fields, through a lead lattice, wedge-shaped filter, shielding blocks

Mobile: rotational, pendular, tangential

3. X-ray therapy (section see „X-ray therapy”).

Static: the open fields, through a lead lattice

Mobile: rotational, pendular, tangential

The listed methods of radio therapy can be used as independent methods of treatment of eradication (full treatment of the patient with cancers of skin, lip, cervix of uterus І - ІІ stages, etc.), palliative (the time termination of malignant Growth for improvement of the quality of life in inoperable cases) or symptomatic (reduction of a painful syndrome, the prevention of pathological crises of the bones with metastases, to stop bleedings when process is genralised, etc.)

II. Contact methods of an radiation exposure:

1. Introcavity

2. Interstitial method:

3. Radiosurgical.

4. Appliqual

III. Combined methods of radio therapy — a combination of one of methods of a remote and contact radiation exposure.

IV. The Combined methods of treatment of malignant tumours:

Radio therapy and surgical treatment — the combined method of treatment of malignant tumours, in which the preoperative radiation exposure (for radiation protectionof relapses and metastases of a tumour, translation of a tumour in an operable condition owing reduction of its sizes), a suboperational radiation exposure (it is spent during operative intervention for the prevention of development implantational metastases and destruction of the possible rests of a tumour) and a postoperative radiation exposure (for radiation protectionof relapses, destruction regional and the remote metastases spend in 3-4 weeks after operation) is carried out.

V. Complex methods of treatment of malignant tumours Radio therapy + surgical intervention + chemise-and hormone-therapy.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16