Unit5. Advent of oil paints

Ex.1. Remember the words:

Verbs	Adjectives	Nouns
to aid	допомагати	Flemish	фламандський	advent	поява
to surpass	перевершити	sharp	чіткий	oil paints	масляні фарби
to fail	зазнати поразки	wide	широкий	tempera	темпера
to deploy	наносити, покривати	boundless	безмежний	yolk	жовток
to strive	намагатися, сильно бажати	brilliant	яскравий, надзвичайний	lack	нестача, брак
to attain	досягати, здобувати			outline	лінія
				range	обсяг
				serenity	спокій
				grief	скорбота

Ex.2. Mind the pronunciation of the proper nouns:

Flanders

Belgium

The Netherlands

Robert Campin

Jan van Eyck

Rogier van Weyden

Ex.3. Guess the meaning of the international words:

fact; local; epoch; to mix; effect; portrait; master; talented; colour; to express; emotion.

Ex.4. Read the text and translate it with a dictionary:

In 1430-s in Flanders (now Belgium and the Netherlands) a fully new painting style was being developed. Both Italy and Flanders were lands of flourishing cities. Thanks to this fact a realistic style of local art is considered to be characteristic to this epoch. An important innovation - an advent of oil paints- has aided the development of Flemish Art. Mixed and mashed with oil pigments surpassed current tempera based on yolk in brightness. Painting with tempera failed in depicting details owing to the lack of time. Using oil paints gave the possibility to deploy layer by layer resulting in amazing effects. Since that time any artist striving for attaining perfection had preferred oil painting.

Flemish school. The founder of Flemish school of painting was Robert Campin but the most famous its representatives belong to the next generation. Portrait-painter Jan van Eyck (1390-1441) was the first master of the European oil painting. With oil paints he attained the magnificent play of light and shadow on different objects (Fig.7).

His younger contemporary Rogier van der Weyden (1399-1464) was a very talented artist. Not paying very much attention to details he preferred rich bright colours sharp outlines and fine shape simulation, having made his own unique style able to express wide range of emotions – from unruffled serenity to boundless grief. Flemish school has given many generations of brilliant masters in painting. Only since 1500 they had been replaced by a new trend – Italian Renaissance.

Fig.7. Jan van Eyck „Madonna in Church”

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