UNIT 17 MODALS

17.1 Ask someone if he or she can do these things:

swim / ski / play chess / drive / run ten kilometres / ride a horse

Model: Can you swim?

Can you do these things? Write sentences about yourself. Use I can or I can't.

Model: I can't swim.

17.2 Write five sentences about things you can do (say how well), and five sentences about things you can't do.

Model: I can sing very well. I can swim a little. I can't cook.

17.3 Complete these sentences. Use can or can't + one of these verbs: come / find / hear / see / speak

1 I'm sorry, but we … can't come … to your party next Saturday.

2 She got the job because she ………. five languages.

3 You are speaking very quietly. I ………. you.

4 Have you seen my bag? I ………. it.

5 I like this hotel room. You.......... the mountains from the window.

17.4 What do you say in these situations? Use Can you…? / Could you…? / Can I …?

1 (You are carrying a lot of things. You want me to open the door for you.)

You say to me: …..… Can you open the door (for me), please...…… ….

2 (We are having dinner. You want me to pass the salt.)

You say to me: …………………………………………………………...…?

3 (You want me to turn off the radio.) ……………………………………....?

4 (You want to borrow my pen.) ……………………………………………...?

5 (You are in my house. You want to use my phone.) ……………………..?

6 (You want me to give you my address.) …………………………………..?

17.5 Write questions. Use: Can I …?

1 Can I make a phone call?… Yes, of course. The phone is in the hall.

2 ……………………………… I'm afraid not. The TV isn't working.

3 ……………………………… I'm sorry - we don't accept credit cards.

4 ……………………………… Yes, of course. Is £5 enough?

5 ……………………………… No, I'm sorry. The restaurant is closed.

6 ……………………………… Certainly. Do you want a single or a

double room?

17.6 Write questions. Use: Can you…?

You want someone to …

1 tell you his / her name …… Can you tell me your name? ……

2 give you his / her address ………………………..……………..

3 tell you the way to London ……………………….....…………..

4 carry your suitcase ………………………………...…………….

5 tell you the time ……………………………………....………….

6 give you your room key ……………………………....…………

17.7 Believe it or not. Use a dictionary if you need it.

Gorillas can't swim.

Mice can sing.

Horses can sleep standing up.

Elephants can't jump, and they can't remember things very well, but they can stand on their heads.

A male emperor moth can smell a female eleven kilometres away.

Leopold Stokowski could play the violin and the piano when he was 5.

Thomas Young (an 18^th-century scientist) could speak twelve languages when he was eight.

The Danish linguist Rasmus Rask could speak 235 languages.

The American tennis player Roscoe Tanner could serve a ball a t 225 kilometres an hour.

17.8 Read this and try to answer the last question. You can use the table to help you.

"My four granddaughters are all very clever girls," the bishop said. "Each of them can play a different musical instrument and each can speak a different European language as well as - if not better than - a native of the country." "What instrument can Mary play?" asked someone.

"The cello."

"Who can play the violin?"

"Do you know", said the bishop, "I've temporarily forgotten. But I know it's the girl who can speak French."

The rest of the facts which I found out were of rather negative kind. I learned that the organist is not Valerie; that the girl who can speak German is not Lorna; and that Mary can speak no Italian. Anthea cannot play the violin; and she is not the girl who can speak Spanish. Valerie knows no French; Lorna cannot play the harp; and the organist cannot speak Italian.

What can Valerie do?

	cello	violin	organ	harp		French	German	Italian	Spanish
Mary	yes	no	no	no	Mary
Valerie					Valerie
Lorna					Lorna
Anthea					Anthea

17.9 Complete the sentences. Use must + one of these verbs:

be / buy / go / help / hurry / go / learn / meet / phone / read / wash / win

1 We … must go … to the bank today. We haven't got any money.

2 I …………. I haven't got much time.

3 She is a very interesting person. You ………… her.

4 I forgot to phone Dave last night. I ………… him today.

5 You ………… to drive. It's very useful.

6 This is an excellent book. You ………… it.

7 We ………… some food. We've got nothing for dinner.

8 My hair is dirty. I ………… it.

9 I ………… to the post office. I need some stamps.

10 I have a big problem. You ………… me.

11 The game tomorrow is very important for us. We ………….

12 You can't always have things immediately. You ………… patient.

17.10 Put in must or had to.

1 I … had to … go to the bank yesterday to get some money.

2 The windows are very dirty. I ………… clean them.

3 The windows were very dirty yesterday. I ………… clean them.

4 I ………… get up early tomorrow. I've got a lot of to do.

5 Come on! We ………… hurry. We haven't got much time.

6 We arrived home very late last night. We …. wait half an hour for a taxi.

7 These cakes are very nice. You ………… have one.

8 Ann came to the party but she didn't stay very long. She.… leave early.

9 He didn't know how to use the machine. I ………… show him.

10 I was nearly late for my appointment this morning. I ………… run to get there on time.

17.11 Complete the sentences. Use mustn't or needn't + one of these verbs: be / buy / clean / hurry / lose / stick / take / tell / wait

1 The windows aren't dirty. You … needn't clean … them.

2 I must hurry. I … mustn't be … late.

3 This letter is very important. You ………… it.

4 We have lots of time. We ………….

5 We ………… an umbrella. It's not going to rain.

6 This is a secret. You ………… anybody.

7 You ………… a newspaper. You can have mine.

8 I'm not ready yet but you …… for me. You go now and I'll come later.

9 (a parent speaking to a child) You ……. your tongue out at people. It's not polite.

17.12 Complete the sentences. Use must, mustn't or needn't.

1 He needs an injection before he goes on holiday. He … must … make an appointment with the doctor.

2 You can get your visa to Egypt in a day. You ………… get it yet, as your trip is late next month.

3 I need to go to London very early tomorrow. I ………… stay up late.

4 It isn't necessary for her to check in at the airport at 6.30.

5 Their bus to the airport leaves at exactly 6 a.m. They … …… be ready on time.

6 If you take over 20 kilos of luggage on the plane, they charge extra. You ………… go over the luggage allowance.

7 He has got an open ticket, so he can travel when he wants. He ………… decide right now.

8 You can carry smaller things on board the plane with you. You ………… check in your briefcase with your suitcases.

9 Listen! That was the last call for our flight. We ………… go to Gate 12 immediately.

17.13 Complete the sentences. Use have to or has to + one of these verbs: do / read / speak / travel / wear

1 My eyes are not very good. I … have to wear … glasses.

2 At the end of the course, all the students ………… a test.

3 Mary is standing literature. She ………… a lot of books.

4 He doesn't understand much English, so I ……… very slowly to him.

5 George is not often at home. He ………… a lot of his job.

17.14 Rules of the Game. Put in have to or mustn’t. Here is some advice on being a good show contestant.

1 First, you … have to … choose the quiz or game show that’s right for you.

2 If you are unfit, you …….. apply for a show with a lot of action.

3 You …….. apply many months before the show.

4 You …….. send a photograph and fill in some forms.

5 You …….. tell lies on the forms and you …….. send a photograph oа someone else!

6 In most game shows you …….. think quickly or you …….. run around the studio and do funny things.

7 If you don’t win you …….. cry or throw things at the presenter.

8 You …….. be a good loser.

9 You …….. behave as if you are better than the other contestants.

10 If you win a prize, you …….. look disappointed if you don’t like it.

11 You …….. be fair and accept rules and decisions.

17.15 Some of the sentences below have a grammatical mistake. Find the mistakes. Write correct sentences where necessary.

1 She cans play the piano well. … She can play the piano well...

2 Must I get there early? … (correct)..

3 We don't must miss the train.

4 He doesn't can start the car.

5 They don't have to work on Sundays.

6 Can we meet later this evening?

7 Must I confirm the booking from Australia to New Zealand?

8 We can't be exactly on time for the meeting.

9 Tom doesn’t want to be a singer but he may be one in the future.

10 Jake likes to play football and he must play very well.

11 Maria might not win because she doesn’t always concentrate.

17.16 Complete the sentences below using the verbs in the brackets correctly.

1 He …….. (have got) a guitar, but he …….. (not can) play.

2 She …….. (be) a very good athlete. She ….. (can) jump over 4 metres.

3 I …….. (not can) speak Arabic, but I …….. (can) read it.

4 …….. he ….. (have got) a computer? Yes, but he …….. (not can) use it.

5 …….. (can) they swim? No, but their father …….. (be) a good swimmer.

17.17 Complete the sentences below using can / can’t / should / shouldn’t.

1 He …….. be finished now. He’s been working on that paper all morning.

2 You …….. park here.

3 “When …….. you hand in your homework?” “Before Wednesday.”

4 If your tooth aches, you …….. go to a dentist now. Don’t wait until it gets worse.

5 …….. you lend me £100?

6 Sorry, I …….. give you any money at the moment.

7 You …….. get foreign currency at the bank.

8 You …….. swim in the river. It’s very dangerous.

9 …….. I tell him that he’s failed now, or wait until the end of the week?

10 That car is very fast. It …….. travel at 200 kph.

17.18 Complete the dialogue with can / can’t / should / shouldn’t.

Jane: You …….. start training for the race.

Ben: Already? It’s not for three months. I …….. wait until later. I …….. be doing other things now.

Jane: What, for example? You …….. get enough practice for these races.

Ben: I …….. find time now. I’m very busy.

Jane: You …….. find time.

Ben: Why? There are a lot of things I …….. be doing, and I don’t do them. At the moment I’m very busy and I …….. do everything I …….. be doing.

Jane: …….. I help you?

Ben: …….. you?

Jane: Of course. Then you …….. do some training.

17.19 Choose the correct modal verb.

1 All children may / must go to school.

2 Cigarettes can / must seriously damage your health.

3 Dishwashers will / should not wash everything.

4 You will / must not park here.

5 There ought / would be trouble if he lost all that money.

6 You could / should always look both ways before crossing a road.

7 As a doctor, he might / can know about this virus.

8 That can / should not be Tom. It’s too early.

9 They must / can be at home by now. It’s very late.

10 I’m not sure. We may / must go to Egypt this summer.

11 I have / must to phone my mother.

12 I might / must phone my mother.

13 What have to / should I eat, doctor?

14 Am I allowed / can to park here? – No, you aren’t!

15 Can I park here? – No, you are not allowed / can’t!

16 I can’t / needn’t see the doctor. I feel better.

17.20 Put in the right forms of the words in brackets.

The Queen’s Flight

“What time …….. (have to) check in?” Mrs Yamamoto asked at the British Airways desk. “You …….. (have to) check in before 1.15. The plane is full, so you …….. (mustn’t / be) late.” Mrs Yamamoto checked in at the right time, but the flight was delayed. “What …….. (should / take) another flight,” they said. All the passengers took this advice, except Mrs Yamamoto. The flight from Tokyo to London was 20 hours late, but Mrs Yamamoto waited. In the end, she was the only passenger on the 353-seat Jumbo. There were 15 cabin staff and she was treated like a queen!

17.21 Use suitable forms to ask permission and to express the future.

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