Edwin Howard Armstrong (1890-1954): Genius of radio

Задание I. Следующие слова Вам нужно выучить наизусть, это поможет Вам понять текст.

1. Coherer – когерер;

2. coil – катушка;

3. feedback – обратная связь;

4. electronic valve – электронная лампа;

5. wrangler – спор;

6. reinforce – усиливать;

7. grid – сетка;

8. pang – мука;

9. bewail – сожалеть;

10. award – награждать;

11. affirm – подтверждать;

12. detect – определять, обнаруживать;

13. ignition – зажигание;

14. debt – дом;

15. shut up – хватит;

16. coup – удача в делах;

17. restrict – ограничивать;

18. bandwidth – ширина диапазона;

19. streak – черта характера;

20. ally – союзник.

Задание II. В прочитанном тексте найдите информацию и расскажите по-английски.

1. Расскажите подробно биографию Армстронга (его происхождение, учеба, родители).

2. Как Армстронг подошел к открытию обратной связи?

3. Где применялась частотная модуляция, сколько станций (f.m.) работало к январю 1940 году.

Задание III. Будьте готовы перевести любое предложение в тексте, если преподаватель попросит Вас об этом.

TEXT

Scientists such as Marconi, Maxwell, DeForest and Faraday were giants in their field and are well-remembered in the history books. But there's another radio pioneer whose life, while filled with moments of profound success, was bounded by frustration and misery. His legacy, while of the greatest importance, is not always as readily acknowledged. He was Edwin Howard Armstrong, an active young radio amateur from Yonkers. New York, and he brought about' most significant improvements in wireless reception and transmission since Marconi's basic developments in 1895-improvements we rely on every day.

Edwin Howard Armstrong was born in New York City on December 18, 1890, the son of John and Emily Armstrong. His father ran the American branch of the Oxford University Press and when his son was about 14 years old he gave him a copy of The Boy's Book of Inventions. It was then, it is said, that the boy announced his intention of becoming an inventor.

Whatever the truth of that, Armstrong's attention had certainly been gripped by Marconi's adventures with radiotelegraphy. The attic of the family home in Yonkers became littered with electrical components as Armstrong began to teach himself about radio.

At Columbia University an establishment with which he was to have a long connection, he was fortunate to study under Professor Michael Pupin who had patented the loading coil used in long-distance telegraphy and telephone.

Armstrong graduated in 1913 and became an assistant teacher at Columbia, so continuing his association with Pupin. By then he had already made the first of his great inventions: the regenerative or feedback circuit.

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