1.The USA is the largest country in the World after Russia, Canada and China. The total area of the USA is over 9 mln.sq.km.The country borders on Canada in the North and Mexico in the South. It also has a seaborder with Russia. The country is washed by 3 oceans: the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. The country has many lakes including the Great Lakes and many rivers, the longest of which are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Columbia and others. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachian, the Cordillera and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak, Mount Mckinley, is in Alaska.
2.The climatic conditions are rather various. The country is rich in mineral and natural resources: oil, gas, iron ore, coal and various metals, which form a solid base for the development of American industry. The United States’ economy is highly developed. In fact, the USA is one of the leading countries in the world economy. Such industries as mining, metallurgy, electronics and space engineering, chemicals, textiles, leather and footwear are well developed. As regards agriculture, both animal husbandry and arable farming are prominent in the economy of the United States.
3.Once the country was an English colony, but on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence was adopted. After 6 years of fighting the country became independent. At that time the USA consisted of 13 states, now it consists of 50 states, Alaska and Hawaii being the last states joined the USA. G.Washington was elected the first president of the USA.
4.Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations. The country is populated by more than 250 mln. The official language is English. The national flag called “Stars and Stripes” is the national symbol of the USA. 50 white stars on a blue background represent 50 states and 13 white and red stripes represent the 13 former colonies which declared themselves free and independent from England in 1776. Each states has its own capital. There are many large cities in the country: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit and San Francisco.
5.The USA is a federal state, headed by the President. According to the US Constitution the powers of the Government are divided into 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The Legislative power belongs to the Congress consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives The Executive power belongs to the President.
6.There are several political parties in the USA. The largest of them are the Republican (symbolized by an elephant) and the Democratic (symbolized by a donkey). Nowadays the USA is one of the leading powers of the world due to its economics, political and military influence.
VI. Прочтите 5-sй абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.
What power belongs to the President?
1. The legislative power belongs to the President.
2. The executive power belongs to the President.
3. The judicial power belongs to the President.
VII. Прочтите 6-ой абзац текста и закончите предложение, выбрав соответствующий вариант.
Nowadays the USA is…
1. … one of the leading powers of the world.
2. … one of the backward nations in the world.
3. … one of the smallest country in the world.
Вариант 3
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