OVERVIEW. A cell is the structural and functional unit of living organism

A cell is the structural and functional unit of living organism. Every cell contains water, protein, carbohydrates, acids, fats, and minerals. The plasma membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm compose the cell. The plasma is the outer component of a cell. The plasma membrane consists of lipids and proteins and small amounts of carbohydrates. The functions of the plasma membrane are to enclose and support the cell contents and to determine what moves into and out of the cell. The nucleus is a large membrane-bound structure usually located near the center of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope composed of two membranes separated by a space. Deoxyribonucleic acid is the hereditary material of the cell. It controls the activities of the cell. The nucleus directs the cell’s activities. Cytoplasm is approximately half cytosol and half organelles. Cytosol consists of a fluid portion, a cytoskeleton, and cytoplasmic inclusions. Organelles are small structures within cells. They are specialized for particular functions such as manufacturing proteins or producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria are small bodies, which produce energy in the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum is a series of canals within the cell. Some canals contain small bodies called ribosomes. They help make substances for the cell.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-11