Grammar: Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Минулий простий час Past Simple стосується дії, яка сталася у визначений час у минулому.

He died in 1998. – Він помер у 1998.

She got married when she was 22. – Вона вийшла заміж, коли їй було 22.

Дія, про яку йдеться, закінчилася.

I lived in Paris for a year (but not now). – Я прожила в Парижі рік (колись, зараз я там не живу).

Часто вживані слова та вирази: in 2003, last week, two months ago, on the 10^th of March.

Теперішній доконаний час Present Perfect стосується дії, що сталася у невизначений час у минулому.

He has written four books. – Він написав чотири книги. (Нам невідомо, коли саме він їх написав.)

Хоча дія і сталася в минулому (часто нещодавньому), її результат – в теперішньому.

I have lost my wallet. – Я загубив свій гаманець. (Зараз його у мене немає.)

Дія, про яку йдеться, може тривати до теперішнього моменту.

I have lived in Paris for a year (and I still do). – Я прожила в Парижі рік (і зараз там живу).

Часто вживані слова та вирази: for a year / ages, since last Tuesday / I left school.

1 Choose the correct verb form to complete these dialogues. Practise saying the dialogues in pairs:

A: Have / did you ever lived / live abroad?

B: Yes, I spent / have spent two years in Nigeria in the 1990s.

A: Oh really? What did you do / have you done there?

B: I was / have been a Project Manager for BP.

C: Did you have / Have you had good sales results this year?

D: Yes, they were / have been much better than last year.

C: Did / Has business go /gone badly last year, then?

D: No, not really. But our profits were / have been down because of the high dollar.

E: Did you see / Have you seen Tom today?

F: No. He went / has gone to Paris, I think.

E: Did you speak / Have you spoken to him yesterday about the new marketing campaign?

F: Yes, and he thought / has thought it was a good idea.

G: When did / has the company first contact / contacted you about the job?

H: In May, when I went / have gone to England for the sales conference.

G: And did you hear / have you heard from them again recently?

H: Yes, they called / have called me twice in the last month.

2 Cross out the sentence which has a mistake:

1 I saw Nick yesterday. / I have seen Nick yesterday. 2 What did you do last night? / What have you done last night? 3 I went to many countries in my life. / I have been to many countries in my life. 4 He went to Greece two years ago. / He has been to Greece two years ago. 5 I study English for three years. / I have studied English for three years. 6 І have known Mary for three weeks. / I have known Mary since three weeks. 7 Where have you bought your shoes? / Where did you buy your shoes?8 I never found anything I really like that’s cheap. / I’ve never found anything I really like that’s cheap.

3 Open the brackets using Past Simple or Present Perfect:

(A) 1 Helen speaks French so well because she (live) in France. 2 She (live) there last year. 3 The rain (stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 4 The rain (stop) half an hour ago. 5 Mary (buy) a new hat. 6 I (buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 7 We (travel) around Europe last year. 8 My father knows so much because he (travel) a lot. 9 I (not see) Michael today. 10 She (see) this film last Sunday. 11 Alex (meet) them at the airport two hours ago. 12 I just (meet) our teacher of Maths.

(B) 1 Where you (put) the newspaper? I want to read it but cannot find it anywhere. 2 At last I (do) all my homework: nowI’ll do what I want. 3 The building of the house (begin) early in April. 4 The rain (stop) but a cold wind is still blowing. 5 We already (solve) the problem. 6 He just (finish) his work. 7 You (make) any spelling mistakes in your dictation? 8 What books you (read) when you (live) in the country? 9 They (not come) from the south yet. 10 He (be) ill last week, but now he (recover). 11 If everybody (read) this new novel, let's discuss it. 12 You (book) tickets? – Yes, I.... I (book) them several days ago. 13 I (not see) my cousin since last year. She (change) so much that I can hardly recognize her.

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