Linking Words

Linking words show the logical relationship between sentences or parts of a sentence.

Positive Addition	and, both...and, not only...(but also/as well), too, moreover, in addition to, furthermore, further, also, not to mention the fact that, besides	She is young andsuccessful.
Negative Addition	neither...nor, nor, neither, either	Neither Jane norPaula has any desire to meet him again. Jane has no desire to meet him again. Nordoes Paula.
Contrast	but, not...but, although, while, whereas, despite, even if/so, even though, on the other hand, in contrast, however, (and) yet, at the same time, conversely, on the contrary, all the same	She can speak Russian fluently; however, she is unable to read or write it.
Similarity	similarly, likewise, in the same way, equally	When you move house, you must notify the post office of your change of address. Similarly,you must register with the local county council.
Concession	but, even so, however, (and) still, (and) yet, nevertheless, on the other hand, although, even though, despite/in spite of, regardless of, admittedly, considering, whereas, while, nonetheless, still,though	She applied for the job even though she wasn't suitably qualified.
Alternative	or, on the other hand, either...or, alternatively, instead	They could take a holiday now or/on the other hand I alternatively they could wait until the summer.
Emphasis	besides, not only this but...also, as well, what is more, in fact, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth, actually, indeed, let alone	I find him pushy and demanding and, what is more, he is self-centred.
Exemplification	as, such as, like, for example, for instance, particularly, especially, in particular	/ enjoyed all the books you lent me but in particularI liked "Wild Swans".
Clarification	that is to say, specifically, in other words, to put it another way, I mean	He needs to concentrate more on his schoolwork. Specifically,he has to pay more attention in the classroom.
Cause / Reason	as, because, because of, since, on the grounds that, seeing that, due to, in view of, owing to, for, now that, so	The company has decided to take on more staff on the grounds that sales are increasing.
Manner	as, (in) the way, how, the way in which, (in) the same way (as), as if, as though	The manager explained howthe organisation could increase productivity.
Condition	if, in case, assuming (that), on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that), unless, in the event (that), in the event of, as/so long as, granted/granting (that), whether, whether...or (alternative condition), only if, even if, otherwise, or (else), in case of	Please notify us in the event that/incase you are unable to attend the meeting.
Consequence of a condition	consequently, then, under those circumstances, if so, if not, so, therefore, in that case, otherwise, thus	/ may take a long lunch break tomorrow. If so,I can go to the hairdresser's then.
Purpose	so that, so as (not) to, in order (not) to, in order that, for fear (that), in case	I took plenty of magazines with me in caseI got bored during the flight.
Effect / Result	such/so...that, consequently, for this reason, as a consequence, thus, therefore/thereby, so, accordingly, hence	he room at The Ritz was double-booked and, as a consequence,we were moved to another hotel.
Comparison	as...as, than, half as...as, nothing like, the...the, twice as...as, less...than	You look nothing likeyour sister.
Time	when, whenever, as, while, now (that), before, until, till, after, since	As a freelance writer she can choose to work whenevershe wants.
Place	where, wherever	She makes friends wherevershe goes.
Exception	but (for), except (for), apart from	We have sent invitations to everyone apart fromthe Fords.
Relative	who, whom, whose, which, what, that	Let me introduce you to the man whoseideas have revolutionised the workplace.
Chronological	beginning:initially, first..., at first, to start/begin with, first of all continuing:secondly..., after this/that, second.., afterwards, then, next, before this concluding:finally, at last, in the end, eventually, lastly, last but not least	First of all, we need to decide what the problem is. Then, we need to consider all possible solutions. Finally, we must decide on the best alternative.
Reference	Considering, concerning, regarding, with respect/regard/reference to, in respect/regard/reference to this/to the fact that	Considering the length of time he took to write the report, it is not up to standard. With reference to what we agreed last week, I would like to remind you that the deadline has been brought forward to 1 June.
Summarising	in conclusion, in summary, to sum up, as I have said, as (it) was previously stated, on the whole, in all, all in all, altogether, in short, briefly, to put it briefly	To sum up, the film was a complete waste of time.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04