Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени

Present Indefinite – Past Indefinite Present Continuous – Past Continuous	Действие придаточного предложения происходит одновременно с действием главного предложения.
Present Perfect – Past Perfect Past Indefinite – Past Perfect Past Continuous – Past Perfect Continuous	Действие придаточного предложения предшествует действию главного предложения.
Future Indefinite – Future-in-the-Past	Действие придаточного предложения происходит после действия главного предложения.

При переводе прямой речи в косвенную не забывайте также заменять обстоятельства времени, как показано в таблице.

Direct speech	Indirect speech
today yesterday tomorrow some time ago this… here last year last month last … next…	that day the day before the next day some time before that there the year before the month before before… the following…

Упражнение 87. Напишите следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. “I have something to tell you,” I said to her. 2. “I met her for he first time on a warm sunny morning last spring,” he said. 3. “I am going to call again tomorrow, mother,” she said. 4. “I’ve been to Turkey twice, but so far I haven’t had time to visit Istanbul,” said Robert. 5. “It will be very difficult to persuade her to take care of herself, doctor,” I replied. 6. “The president is to come to Madrid the day after tomorrow,” said the BBC announcer. 7. “We have a lift but very often it doesn’t work,” they said. 8. “We have bought a new flat. But we don’t like it so much as our last one,” said my cousin. 9. “I have left a message for him, but he hasn’t phoned yet,” she said. 10. “I’ve no idea who has done it but I’ll find out,” said Peggy. 11. He said, “My mother has just been operated on.” 12. “I’ll come with you as soon as I’m ready, “ she replied to me. 13. “I have a French lesson this evening and I haven’t done my homework yet,” said the small boy. 14. “She has been sitting in the garden since the police came,” I said to the officer. 15. “You haven’t closed the window and has forgotten to turn off the light,” he pointed out. 16. My mother said to me, “Do not forget to take an umbrella. It was informed over the radio it may rain in the evening.”

Indirect questions
General questions	He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered
“Doyou play chess?” “Does she go to school?” “Are you listening to me?” “Have you done your homework?” “Didthey skatelast winter?” “Willyou see your friend tomorrow?”	If whether	I played chess. She went to school/ I was listening to him. I had done my homework. they had skated he winter before. I would see my friend the next day.

Упражнение 88. Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи. Начинайте предложения словами “I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to know”и т.д.

Пример: Did she go shopping? – He asked if/whether she had gone shopping.

1. Are your children still skiing? 2. Have they had breakfast yet? 3. Is Mike still taking an exam? 4. Did he take part in the performance? 5. Had they already left by the time you went to the station? 6. Do they regularly go to the swimming pool? 7. Will she buy a new Hoover? 8. Will she be training at ten tomorrow? 9. Does he usually go to the Caribbean’s for his holiday? 10. Did she learn to play the guitar? 11. Has the decision been already taken? 12. Do you know when the results will be out? 13. Does he know your new address? 14. Have you known each other for a long time? 15. Did he begin smoking a pipe?

Indirect questions
Special questions	He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered
“Where do you live?” “Where does your friend work?” “What is Nick doing?” “What have you prepared for today?” “When did you come home yesterday?” “When will your mother come home tomorrow?”	where I lived. where my friend worked. what Nick was doing. what I had prepared for that day. when I had come home the day before. when my mother would come home the next day.

Упражнение 89. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи. Начинайте предложения словами “I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to know” и т.д.

Пример: When did she go shopping?- He asked when she had gone shopping.

1. Why did he decide to go to Ethiopia? 2. When was she sent to a business trip? 3. Who will fulfill this task for you? 4. How long has she been staying in their house? 5. Who was he speaking to when I came up to him? 6. Who will play the role of Hamlet in your performance? 7. What is shown in Mike’s diagram in his research work? 8. What is he going to do on Sunday? 9. How long have they been developing this project? 10. Who was this book written by? 11. What country do they come from? 12. What are you going to study at Harvard University? 13. Why do you want to buy any second-hand books? 14. When did they see the new library in our town? 15. What does the doctor think of our canteen?

Indirect commands
Keep quiet! Don’t make noise!
He told me He asked me	To keepquiet and not to make noise.

Упражнение 90. Передайте следующие команды, просьбы, рекомендации и др. в косвенной речи.

Пример: “Close the door,” she asked me. – She asked me to close the door.

1. “Open the safe!” the raiders ordered the bank clerk. 2. “Please do as I say,” he begged me. 3. “Help your mother, Peter,” Mr. Pitt said. 4. “Don’t make too much noise, children,” he said. 5. “Do whatever you like,” she said to us. 6. “Don’t miss your train,” mother warned them. 7. “Read the document before you sign it,” the lawyer said to his client. 8. “Fill in the blank again,” he said. 9. “Buy a new car,” I advised him. 10. “Don’t drive too fast,” she begged him. 11. “Don’t put your bicycle near my window,” said the shopkeeper to me. 12. “Come to the cinema with me,” he asked her. 13. “Cook it in butter,” I advised her. 14. “Send for the fire brigade,” the manager said to the porter. 15. “Please pay at the desk,” said the shop assistant to her. 16. “Don’t argue with me,” said the teacher to the boy. 17. “Pull as hard as you can,” he said to her. 18. “Don’t lend anything to her,” he advised her. 19. “Stand clear off the door,” a voice warned the people. 20. “Put down that gun. It’s loaded,” she warned him.

Упражнение 91. Передайте следующие предложения с модальными глаголами и их эквивалентами в косвенной речи.

1. “If what you have said is true I must go to the police,” he said. 2. “You don’t need to come in tomorrow,” said my employer. “You may take a day of.” 3. “I’ll be busy next week and won’t be able to help you,” she said to us. “Besides this text must be typed and as for me, I cannot type, so I’ll have to ask somebody to do it,” she added. 4. The official said, “This passport photo isn’t like you at all. You must have another one taken.” 5. “I needn’t get up till nine tomorrow,” I said. 6. “Nick must go to the dentist tomorrow,” she said to my father. 7. “I will go to bed. I had to get up very early today,” my aunt replied. 8. “I could not meet her, I was working,” he said. 9. “Ann’s English is very poor. She must study very hard,” the teacher said. 10. “Something is wrong with the receiver, I could not hear you well yesterday,” she said. 11. “Put on a warm coat. It’s cold in the street, you may catch cold,” my mother said to my sister. 12. “Everyone must wash hands before every meal,” the well-known saying says.

Упражнение 92. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Я знала точно, что мама еще не прочитала его письмо. 2. Девочка рассказала нам, что ананасы растут на деревьях. Это было очень забавно. 3. Он сказал нам, что расплатился с долгами больше месяца назад. 4. Моя сестра пожаловалась, что она пишет сочинение уже три часа. Но чтобы его закончить, ей нужно будет еще час или больше. 5. Родственники не знали, успешно ли закончилась операция. 6. Том позвонил в полицию и сказал, что все его вещи украдены. 7. Капитан приказал всем подняться на борт. 8. Ученые не знали, будут ли опубликованы результаты их исследований в следующем журнале. 9. Я думал, что брат работает, и не вошел в комнату. 10. Я не знаю, когда наши родители приедут в Москву. 11. Брат попросил, чтобы мама не беспокоилась. 12. Они поинтересовались, бывал ли я когда-нибудь за границей раньше. 13. Майк сказал им, что они не должны говорить об этом сейчас. 14. Наш гид рассказал нам, что этот старинный замок был возведен в 14 веке. 15. Мы надеялись, что новый мост будет построен в следующем году.

Упражнение 93. Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи. Начинайте предложения словами “I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to know”и т.д.

Пример: Did he go shopping?- He asked if/whether she had gone shopping.

1. Are your children still skiing with their father? 2. Have they already had their breakfast? 3. Is Mike still taking an exam at his college? 4. Did Ann take part in the performance? 5. Had they already left by the time you went to the station? 6. Do your children regularly go to the swimming pool? 7. Will she buy a new TV-set soon? 8. Will Nick be training at ten tomorrow? 9. Does your friend usually go to the Caribbeans for his holiday? 10. Did his daughter learn to play the guitar? 11. Has the decision been already taken by the Committee? 12. Do you know when the results will be out? 13. Does your elder brother know your address? 14. Have these two women known each other for a long time? 15. Did her father begin smoking a pipe? 16. Would you like to join our drama group? 17. Is your little sister interested in computer games? 18. Do you help your little son with his homework?

Упражнение 94. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи. Начинайте предложения словами “I/he wondered, we/they asked, she/he wanted to know” и т.д.

Пример: When did she go shopping?- He asked when she had gone shopping.

1. How long have you been in Bulgaria? 2. Why did Mike decide to go to Africa last year? 3. What are they going to study after finishing to learn History of Ancient Arts? 4. When was Alice sent on business trip to London? 5. What books does Helen want to buy in that shop? 6. Who was he speaking to when I came up to him? 7. When did you see the new library? 8. What is shown in this scientific diagram from his research work? 9. What is your sister going to do on Saturday? 10. What do you think of our new canteen? 11. How long have your scientists been developing this project? 12. Whom was this interesting book written by? 13. What country did these foreigners come from? 14. Why does her friend go abroad for his summer vacancy? 15. Where are they waiting for you now? 16. Why did Lanny come to our place the previous evening? 17. What has our father bought for our mother on her birthday? 18. Why do not people of this village take water from that well?

Упражнение 95. Передайте следующие команды, просьбы, требования, рекомендации в косвенной речи.

1. “Open the safe!” the raiders ordered the bank clerk. 2. “Please, do as I say” he begged me. 3. “Help your mother round the house, Peter,” Mr Brown said. 4. “Don’t make too much noise, children,” mother said. 5. “Don’t miss your train,” she warned me. 6. “Do whatever you like,” she said to us. 7. “Read the document before you sign it,” the lawyer said to his client. 8. “Fill in the blank again,” the clerk said to me in the airport. 9. “Buy a new modern car,” I advised my friend. 10. “Don’t drive so fast,” mother begged my father every time. 11. “Don’t put your bicycle near my window,” said our neighbor to me. 12. “Come to the cinema with me,” he asked his girl. 13. “Cook all toasts in butter,” we advised our daughter. 14. “Send for the doctor quickly,” mother told me. 15. “Please pay at he desk,” said the shop assistant to a young girl. 16. “Don’t argue with your father,” said my uncle to my friend. 17. “Pull as hard as you can,” her friend said to the girl. 18. “Don’t lend anything to her,” her father advised to his younger daughter. 19. “Stand clear off the door,” a voice warned the people. 20. “Put down that gun. It’s loaded, his girl-friend warned her friend.

Обратите внимание на передачу следующих конструкций в косвенной речи “Let’s playchess,” said Nick. – Nick suggested playing chess. “All right,said Pete. – Pete agreed. “Oh, no,I have no time, said Mike. – Mike refused.

Упражнение 96. Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. He said, “We have forgotten to take the ball!” 2. She said, “I shall be very glad to see you.” 3. “Let’s go to the Philharmonic. There is a good concert there tonight,” said Walter. “Oh, very good.” said Robert. “I have not been to the Philharmonic for a long time.” 4. Alec asked me, “Have you ever been to the National Gallery?” “Yes, I have,” said I. “I visited it last year when we were studying in London.” 5. Nellie said, “Yesterday I went to see Paul, but he was not at home.” “Let’s go to see them today,” said Nick. “I cannot go today, I am very busy.” 6. He said, “Who is this man? I don’t know him.” 7. I thought, “He is a very clever man, he can help me.” 8. My brother said, ”In two hours I shall have finished my work and then I shall go to the cinema.” then he said to me. ”Let’s go together.” “All right.” I said. 9. The teacher said, “Open your books and begin reading the new text.” 10. The girl asked, “What is the price of this dress?” 11. “Please help me with this problem, I can not solve it,” I said to my father. “All right,” said my father, “let’s try to solve it together.” 12. “Let’s go to Finland for the winter holidays,” said Kate. “No,” said Andrew, “we have already been to Finland. Let’s go to Greece. It will be very interesting to see the country we have read about so much.” “All right,” said Kate, “let’s go.” 13. “Will you come to see me on Friday?” Lena asked her friend. “All right,” said her friend, “I think I shall be free on Friday.” 14. “Please don’t ask me any more questions,” she said to me, “I’m very tired. Let me answer all your questions tomorrow.” 14. “I have not seen him since last year,” said Lena, “and I think he has grown. Let’s go and see him tomorrow.” “All right,” said I. “It will be very interesting to see him.” 15. “Do you want to eat anything? It’s high time for us to have lunch.” said father to his little son. “I want to eat, too,” his son answered. “All right, we shall do it at once. Let your mother make us very tasty lunch immediately!” his father smiled at him.

Упражнение 97. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен.

1. Я не был уверен, что смогу им помочь. 2. Мы не знали, что мы обязательно встретимся в любом случае. 3. Они надеялись, что, если мы туда поедем, мы сможем хорошо отдохнуть. 4. Мать поняла, что дочь не скажет, когда она вернулась вчера. 5. Брат объяснил, что нам никто не скажет, чьи это письма. 6. Я не думал, что они вернутся, когда будет темно. 7. Никто не спрашивал, почему их там не было. 8. Он был уверен, что Ольга наверняка нам напишет письмо о своих делах, когда приедет к месту своего назначения. 9. Мистер Фокс пообещал, что он прочитает нам лекцию, если найдет для этого время. 10. Нина ответила, что не сможет увидеть их завтра, у нее не будет возможности. 11. Мы не думали, что наша команда выиграет, хотя погода была хорошей. 12. Все надеялись, что родители обязательно нас простят. 13. Я боялась, что сестра забудет зонт, а пойдет дождь. 14. Она объяснила, что не знает, когда придет ее сестра. 15. Анна сказала, что она сможет почитать вечером. 16. Мы полагали, что дети вернутся рано, если автобус придет вовремя. 17. Он надеялся, что Лиза не должна будет опоздать к отходу поезда. 18. Она ответила, что не знает, сможет ли найти нужные ему вещи. 19. Студентам объяснили, что этот текст они должны будут перевести за 15 минут. 20. Он сказал ей, что, если она не поторопится, она опоздает на свой автобус. До его отправления осталось полчаса. 21. Девочка рассказала, что, когда она вырастет, она станет хорошим врачом, как ее папа. 22. Она спросила, были ли мы вчера в библиотеке. 23. Мы надеялись, что дети проводят наших родителей до калитки. 24. Мы считали, что никто не узнает, когда они встретятся в нашем городе. 25. Преподаватель надеялся, что эти правила легкие, и мы сможем легко их запомнить.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-28