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Part 1
The explosive impact of computers and information technology on our everyday lives has generated a need to design and develop new computer software systems and to incorporate new technologies into a rapidly growing range of applications. The tasks performed by workers known as computer software engineers evolve quickly, reflecting new areas of specialization or changes in technology, as well as the preferences and practices of employers.
Software engineering is a systematic and disciplined approach to developing software. It applies both computer science and engineering principles and practices to the creation, operation and maintenance of software systems. Software engineering requires expertise in data management, design and algorithm paradigm, programming languages, and human-computer interfaces, and it requires knowledge of digital hardware systems. It also demands an understanding of and appreciation for systematic design process, non-functional system properties, and large integrated systems.
Computer software engineers apply the principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis to the design, development, testing, and evaluation of the software and systems that enable computers to perform their many applications.
Software engineers working in applications or systems development analyze users` needs and design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems. Software engineers can be involved in the design and development of many types of software, including software for operating systems and network distribution, and compilers, which convert programs for execution on a computer. In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to perform a function. They also solve technical problems that arise. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code.
Exercise 8. Answer the following questions.
1. What has the explosive impact of computers and information technology on our everyday lives generated?
2. What do the tasks performed by computer software engineers reflect?
3. What is software engineering?
4. What does software engineering apply?
5. What does software engineering require?
6. What does software engineering also demand?
7. What do computer software engineers apply the principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis to?
8. What tasks are software engineers working in applications or systems development involved in?
9. What tasks are software engineers involved in programming?
10. What skills must software engineers possess?
11. What tasks are software engineers more concerned with?
Exercise 9. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false ones.
1. The explosive impact of computers and information technology on our everyday lives has generated a need to analyze and test new computer software systems and to incorporate new technologies into a rapidly growing range of applications.
2. The tasks performed by workers known as computer software engineers evolve quickly, reflecting new areas of specialization or changes in technology, as well as the preferences and practices of employees.
3. Software engineering is a systematic and disciplined approach to developing software.
4. Software engineering applies both computer science and engineering principles and practices to the creation, operation and maintenance of software systems.
5. Software engineering requires expertise in project management, design and algorithm paradigm, programming languages, and human-computer interfaces, and it requires knowledge of digital hardware systems.
6. Software engineering also demands an understanding of and appreciation for systematic design process, non-functional system properties, and large integrated systems.
7. Computer software engineers apply the principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis to the design, development, testing, and evaluation of the software and systems that enable computers to perform their many applications.
8. Software engineers working in applications or systems development analyze stakeholders' needs and design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems.
9. Software engineers cannot be involved in the design and development of many types of software, including software for operating systems and network distribution, and compilers, which convert programs for execution on a computer.
10. In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to create a function.
11. Software engineers cannot solve technical problems that arise.
12. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code.
Exercise 10. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations:
The explosive impact of computers and information technology on our everyday lives; to incorporate new technologies; a rapidly growing range of applications; to evolve quickly; to reflect changes in technology, as well as the preferences and practices of employers; disciplined approach to developing software; to apply both computer science and engineering principles and practices to the creation, operation and maintenance of software systems; to require expertise in data management, design and algorithm paradigm, programming languages, and human-computer interfaces; to demand an appreciation for systematic design process, non-functional system properties, and large integrated systems; evaluation of the software and systems; that enable computers to perform their many applications; to design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems; to be involved in the design and development of software for operating systems and network distribution; to instruct a computer, line by line; to solve technical problems that arise; to possess strong programming skills, to be more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code.
Exercise 11. Give English equivalents to the following word combinations:
Величезний вплив комп’ютерів та інформаційних технологій на наше щоденне життя; проектувати та розробляти нові програмні системи; залучати нові технології до швидко зростаючої сфери застосувань; розробник програмного забезпечення; швидко розвиватися; відображати преференції та діяльність замовників; методичний та впорядкований підхід до розробки (конструювання) програмного забезпечення, застосовувати як принципи комп’ютерних наук, так і інженерні принципи до створення, експлуатації та підтримки програмних систем; потребувати експертного аналізу (знань) в керуванні даними, проектуванні та алгоритмічній парадигмі, мовах програмування та в людино-машинних інтерфейсах; оцінювання систематичного процесу проектування та нефункціональних властивостей системи; проектувати (розробляти), конструювати, тестувати комп’ютерні прикладні програми чи системи; вирішувати технічні проблеми, що виникають; володіти гарними навичками програмування.
Exercise 12. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:
1. The explosive impact … computers and information technology … our everyday lives has generated a need to design and develop new computer software systems and to incorporate new technologies … a rapidly growing range … applications. 2. The tasks performed … workers known … computer software engineers evolve quickly, reflecting new areas … specialization or changes … technology, as well as the preferences and practices … employers. 3. Software engineering is a systematic and disciplined approach … developing software. 4. It applies both computer science and engineering principles and practices … the creation, operation and maintenance … software systems. 5. Software engineering requires expertise … data management, design and algorithm paradigm, programming languages, and human-computer interfaces, and it requires knowledge … digital hardware systems. 6. Software engineers can be involved … the design and development … many types … software, including software … operating systems and network distribution, and compilers, which convert programs … execution … a computer. 7. … programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line … line, how to perform a function. 8. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are more concerned … developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than … actually writing code.
Exercise 13. Form verbal word combinations as used in the text. Translate them.
1. to design and develop 1. computer applications software and systems
2. to incorporate 2. quickly
3. to demand 3. strong programming skills
4. to maintain 4. new software systems
5. to evolve 5. a function
6. to perform 6. new technologies
7. to apply 7. expertise
8. to possess 8. understanding
9. to instruct 9. the principles
10. to require 10. a computer
Exercise 14. Translate the following sentences into English.
1) Величезний вплив комп’ютерів та інформаційних технологій на наше щоденне життя викликав необхідність проектування та розробки нових комп’ютерних програмних систем та залучення нових технологій до швидко зростаючої сфери застосувань.
2) Завдання, що виконують інженери програмного забезпечення швидко розвиваються, відображуючи нові галузі спеціалізації чи зміни в технології разом з преференціями та діяльністю замовників.
3) Інженерія програмного забезпечення – це методичний та впорядкований підхід до розробки (конструювання) програмного забезпечення.
4) Інженерія програмного забезпечення застосовує як принципи комп’ютерних наук, так і інженерні принципи та методи до створення, експлуатації та підтримки програмних систем.
5) Інженерія програмного забезпечення потребує експертного аналізу (професійних знань) в керуванні даними, проектуванні та алгоритмічній парадигмі, мовах програмування та в людино-машинних інтерфейсах.
6) Інженерія програмного забезпечення потребує знання цифрових апаратних систем.
7) Воно також вимагає розуміння та оцінювання систематичного процесу проектування, нефункціональних властивостей системи та великих інтегрованих систем.
8) Інженери програмного забезпечення застосовують принципи та методи комп’ютерних наук, інженерії та математичного аналізу в проектуванні, розробці, тестуванні та оцінюванні програмного забезпечення та систем, що дозволяють комп’ютерам виконувати багато застосувань.
9) Інженери програмного забезпечення, що працюють над прикладними програмами чи розробкою систем, аналізують потреби користувачів та проектують, конструюють, тестують та обслуговують комп’ютерні прикладні програми чи системи.
10) Інженери програмного забезпечення можуть займатися проектуванням та розробкою багатьох типів програмного забезпечення, включаючи програмне забезпечення для операційних систем та розподілу мереж, та компілятори, що перетворюють програми для виконання на комп’ютері.
11) В програмуванні чи кодуванні інженери програмного забезпечення вказують комп’ютеру рядок за рядком, як виконувати функцію.
12) Вони також вирішують технічні проблеми, що виникають.
13) Інженери програмного забезпечення повинні володіти гарними навичками програмування, але більше займаються розробкою алгоритмів, аналізом та вирішенням задач програмування, ніж фактичним написанням коду.
Exercise 15. Match the definitions and the terms below:
1. _________is establishment of the correctness of a theory, fact, activity, etc.
2. _________ is the detailed creation of working, meaningful software through a combination of coding, verification, unit testing, integration testing, and debugging.
3. _________ is locating and removing defects in a device, system, plan, program, etc.
4. _________ is a set of instructions, called a program, which tells a computer what to do.
5. _________ is writing texts of programs.
6. _________ is a part of a program performing a specific function.
7. _________is the original form of a program before it is converted into a machine-readable form.
8. _________is a systematic and disciplines approach to developing software which applies both computer science and engineering principles to the creation, operation and maintenance of the computer systems.
(Software engineering, source file, routine, coding, software, debugging, software construction, verification).
Exercise 16. Put all possible questions to the sentences below.
1) The tasks are performed by workers known as computer software engineers. 2) The tasks reflect new areas of specialization and changes in technology. 3) Software engineering applies both computer science and engineering principles and practices to the creation, operation and maintenance of software systems. 4) Software engineering requires knowledge of digital hardware systems. 5) Computer software engineers apply the principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis to the design, development, testing, and evaluation of the software. 6) Software engineers can be involved in the design and development of many types of software. 7) In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to perform a function. 8) Software engineers must possess strong programming skills. 9) Software engineers are concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems.
Exercise 17. Write a small story; try to use all the words & word combinations from ex.1. Mind the grammar form.
Exercise 18. Be ready to retell the text (ex.7).
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