Контрольное задание № 3

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Чтобы правильно выполнить задание № 3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Грамматические функции и значения слов that, one, it.

2. Пассивный залог (The Passive Voice) видо-временных форм Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect.

3. Функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

4. Простые неличные фор мы глагола, Инфинитив в функц ии: а) подлежащего, б) составной части сказуемого, в) определения, г) обстоятельства цели.

5. Бессоюзно е подчинение в определительных придаточных предложениях.

Используйте образцы выполнения упражнений.

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. Present Continuous Passive In many countries processes of manufacturing goods are being fully automated 2.Present Indefinite Passive The Cash Flow Statement is separated in three different parts: Cash Flow from Operations, h Flow from Ivesting, Cash Flow from Financing.

1. Во многих странах процессы производства товаров полностью автоматизирован ы. 2.Отчет о денежном потоке делится на три разные части: денежный поток от операций, денежный поток от инвестиций, денежный поток от финансирования.

1. Financial statements show, in a very summarized way, how well business activities are being managed in the company.

2. Each item that the company owes and owns is called an account.

3. The firm couldn't cancel the order because it had been already sent.

4. According to the Contract the Buyer shall be permitted to substitute all damaged parts of the equipment within the guarantee period.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. It is necessary to use the latest means of control in industry.	1. Необходимо использовать в промышленности новейшие средства управления.
2.One should agree that the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund) strengthen the economies of their member nations.	2. Следует согласиться, что Всемирный Банк и Международный валютный фонд укрепляют экономику входящих в них стран.
3.It was John Maynard Keynes who founded the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.	3. Именно Джон Мейнард Кинес основал Международный валютный фонд и Всемирный Банк.

1. It is important to state the dimensions of each package you send.

2. One can increase the efficiency of labour by different means.

3. Work relations include those between management and employees.

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. Everycompany must have a computer system.	1.В каждой компании должна быть компьютерная система.
2. When you put your money in other banks you don’t know where your money is going.	2.Когда вы вкладываете ваши деньги в другие банки, вы не знаете, куда идут ваши деньги.
3.Many large firms are multinationals with manufacturingplants in different countries.	3. Многие большие фирмы являются международными и имеют заводы-производители в различных странах.

1. Our plant is to increase the output of consumer goods.

2. Suppliers and customers have to co-operate very closely.

3. Governmental corporations are non-profit as a rule and usually they do not issue stock certificates.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

The region we must explore possesses natural wealth. The instruments our plant produces help to automate production processes.

Район, который мы должны исследовать, обладает огромными природными ресурсами. Приборы, которые выпускает наш завод, помогают автоматизировать процессы производства.

1.Every economist knows the inflow is formed by the sale of goods and services.

2.Organizing business the first thing you will need is cash.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива в предложении.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The buyers want to know our terms of payment. 2.We have no intention to order these goods.

Покупатели хотят знать наши условия платежа. Мы не намерены заказывать эти товары.

1. То increase the productivity of labour one must use the methods we

have just described.

2. The goods to be loaded on this steamer consist of different kinds of machinery.

3. There is no reason for the parties to change the terms of payment.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 2-й, 4-й, 5-й абзацы.

The Difference Between the World Bank

and the International Monetary Fund

1. If you have difficulty distinguishing the World Bank from the International Monetary Fund, you are not alone. Most people have only the vaguest idea of what these institutions do, and very few people indeed could say why and how-they differ.

2. They were founded by the delegates of 44 nations in July 1944, the
Bank and the International Monetary Fund are twin intergovernmental pillars
supporting the structure of the world's economic and financial order.

3. The international community was consciously trying to establish a division of labour in setting up the two agencies. Those who deal professionally with the International Monetary Fund and the Bank find them categorically distinct. To the rest of the world, the niceties of the division of labour are even more mysterious than are activities of the two institutions.

4. Superficially the Bank and the International Monetary Fund exhibit many common characteristics. Both are owned and directed by the governments of member nations. In fact, every country on earth is a member of both institutions. Both institutions concern themselves with economic issues and concentrate their efforts on broadening and strengthening the economies of their member nations.

The twoinstitutionshold joint annual meetings. Both have headquarters in Washinton, D.C.

5. Despite these and other similarities, however, the Bank and the International Monetary Fund remain distinct. The fundamental difference is this: the Bank is primarily a development institution; the IMF is a cooperative institution that seeks to maintain a system of payments and receipts between nations. Each has a different purpose, a distinct structure, receives its funding from different sources, assists different categories of members.

VII. Прочитайте 3-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

Who finds the International Monetary Fund and the Bank categorically distinct?

Вариант 2

I.Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. Present Continuous Passive In many countries processes of manufacturing goods are being fully automated 2.Present Indefinite Passive The Cash Flow Statement is separated in three different parts: Cash Flow from Operations, h Flow from Ivesting, Cash Flow from Financing.

1. Business activities are reflected in financial statements.

2. The date for the next appointment has not been fixed by the manager.

3. The components are being sent to Sydney by air and they'll be collected from the airport by our agent.

4. The applicants will be interviewed by the board of directors.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. It is necessary to use the latest means of control in industry.	1. Необходимо использовать в промышленности новейшие средства управления.
2.One should agree that the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund) strengthen the economies of their member nations.	2. Следует согласиться, что Всемирный Банк и Международный валютный фонд укрепляют экономику входящих в них стран.
3.It was John Maynard Keynes who founded the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.	3. Именно Джон Мейнард Кинес основал Международный валютный фонд и Всемирный Банк.

1. It is necessary to use new technological processes on production lines, in factories or in workshops.

2.It is commercial director who can give you detailed information about the new equipment.

Large firms differ from small ones in a wide variety of ways.

Ш. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.Everycompany must have a computer system.	1.В каждой компании должна быть компьютерная система.
2.When you put your money in other banks you don’t know where your money is going.	2.Когда вы вкладываете ваши деньги в другие банки, вы не знаете, куда идут ваши деньги.
3.Many large firms are multinationals with manufacturingplants in different countries.	3.Многие большие фирмы являются международными и имеют заводы-производители в различных странах.

1.Any business may have the form of the partnership.

2.Workers have to be trained to operate many different machines.

3.The owners of the corporation are the stockholders.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русcкий язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The region we must explore possesses natural wealth. 2.The instruments our plant produces help to automate production processes.

1. Район, который мы должны исследовать, обладает огромными природными ресурсами. 2.Приборы, которые выпускает наш завод, помогают автоматизировать процессы производства.

1. Customers suppose the new product will be very expensive.

2. The methods of computer calculations the lecturer has just described are of interest to the staff of accounts department.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The buyers want to know our terms of payment. 2.We have no intention to order these goods.

1.Покупатели хотят знать наши условия платежа. 2.Мы не намерены заказывать эти товары.

1. It is necessary for the goods to be packed in strong cases.

2. Our plant was the first to install the automatic equipment.

3. The experiment to be carried out is of great importance for our economic knowledge.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 3-й, 4-й и 5-й абзацы.

Purposes of the international Monetary Fund and the World Bank

1. The international community assigned to the World Bank the aims implied in its formal name, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), giving it primary responsibility for financing economic development

2.The Bank's first loans were extended during the late 1940s to finance the reconstruction of the after -war economies of Western Europe. When these nations recovered some measure of economic self-sufficiency, the Bank turned its attention to assisting the world's poor nations, known as developing countries, to which it has since the 1940s loaned more than $ 330 billion.

3.The World bank has one central purpose: to promote economic and
social progress in developing countries by helping to raise productivity so that their people may live a better and fuller life.

4.The international community assigned to the IMF a different purpose.
It was set up as a voluntary and cooperative institution. The rules of the institution, contained in the IMF's Articles of Agreement signed by all members,constitute a code of conduct. The code is simple: it requires members to allow their currency to be exchanged for foreign currencies
freely and without restriction, to keep the IMF informed of changes they contemplate in financial and monetary policies.

5. To help nations abide by the code of conduct, the IMF administers a pool of money from which members can borrow when they are in trouble. The IMF is not, however, primarily a lending institution as is the Bank. It is first an overseer of its members' monetary and exchange rate policies and a guardian of the code of conduct.

VII. Прочитайте 2-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

When did the Bank turn its attention to assisting the world's poor nations?

Вариант 3

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.Defective goods may be returned to the factory where they will be repaired.

2.In many countries the use of machines has long been associated with manufacturing goods.

3.All production workers of the factory are paid top wages.

4.Their product is being marketed more imaginatively this season.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.It is necessary to use the latest means of control in industry.	1.Необходимо использовать в промышленности новейшие средства управления.
2.One should agree that the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund) strengthen the economies of their member nations.	2.Следует согласиться, что Всемирный Банк и Международный валютный фонд укрепляют экономику входящих в них стран.
3.It was John Maynard Keynes who founded the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.	3.Именно Джон Мейнард Кинес основал Международный валютный фонд и Всемирный Банк.

1. It is the International Monetary Fund that receives frequent reports on members' economic policies and prospects.

2. It is important that our competitors don't know about our new process.

3. The central purpose of the World Bank is that of promotion economic and social progress in developing countries.

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.Everycompany must have a computer system.	1.В каждой компании должна быть компьютерная система.
2.When you put your money in other banks you don’t know where your money is going.	2.Когда вы вкладываете ваши деньги в другие банки, вы не знаете, куда идут ваши деньги.
3.Many large firms are multinationals with manufacturingplants in different countries.	3.Многие большие фирмы являются международными и имеют заводы-производители в различных странах.

1. The company has to cover the costs by all means.

2. The staff departments do not give order to other departments.

3. Wholesaling is a field of small business.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The region we must explore possesses natural wealth. 2.The instruments our plant produces help to automate production processes.

1. Everybody knows the form of the partnership may be found in any business.

2. The spare parts the manufacturers refused to supply were necessary
for repair firms.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The buyers want to know our terms of payment. 2.We have no intention to order these goods.

1.Покупатели хотят знать наши условия платежа. 2.Мы не намерены заказывать эти товары.

1.There is every reason to suppose that the cargo will arrive in time.

2.The main purpose of the computers is to solve complex problems quickly.

3.The seller promised to supply the buyer with the necessary equipment.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 2-й, 3-й, 4-йабзацы.

Sources of Funding of the World Bank and the IMF

The World Bank is an investment bank, intermediating between investors and recipients, borrowing from the one and lending to the other. Its owners are the governments of its 180member nations with equity shares in the Bank.

The Bank is a major borrower in the world's capital markets and the largest non-resident borrower in virtually all countries by selling bonds and notes directly to governments, their agencies, and central banks.

The IMFis not a bank and does not intermediate between investors and recipients. Ithas at its disposal significant resources. These resources come from quota subscriptions, or membership fees, paid in by the IMF's 181 member countries. Each member contributes to this pool of resources a certain amount of money proportionate to its economic size and strength (richer countries pay more; poorer less).

While the Bank borrows and lends, the IMF is more like a credit union whose members have access to a common pool of resources (the sum total of their individual contributions) to assist them in times of need.

Although under special and highly restrictive circumstances the IMF borrows from official entities, it relies principally on its quota subscriptions to finance its operations.

VII. Прочитайте 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующийвопрос:

Whom does the IMF borrow from?

Вариант 4

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1. Processes of manufacturing goods are being partly and even fully automated.

2. After the Contract has been signed all the preliminary agreements between the Parties are to be considered null and void.

3. According to the Contract the goods shall be insured by the Sellers
against usual transport risks.

4. Members of the IMF (The International Monetary Fund) have a common pool of resources and the adequacy of these resources is reviewed every five years.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.It is necessary to use the latest means of control in industry.	1.Необходимо использовать в промышленности новейшие средства управления.
2.One should agree that the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund) strengthen the economies of their member nations.	2.Следует согласиться, что Всемирный Банк и Международный валютный фонд укрепляют экономику входящих в них стран.
3.It was John Maynard Keynes who founded the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.	3.Именно Джон Мейнард Кинес основал Международный валютный фонд и Всемирный Банк.

1.One must pay attention to projects that can benefit people in developing countries.

2.It is evident that working in international trade you must be familiar with different types of payment.

3.A company that refuses to provide good service can get a bad reputation.

III.Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.Everycompany must have a computer system.	1.В каждой компании должна быть компьютерная система.
2.When you put your money in other banks you don’t know where your money is going.	2.Когда вы вкладываете ваши деньги в другие банки, вы не знаете, куда идут ваши деньги.
3.Many large firms are multinationals with manufacturingplants in different countries.	3.Многие большие фирмы являются международными и имеют заводы-производители в различных странах.

1. Many different arrangements have to be made when one firm is dealing with another firm.

2. Large scale producersdo careful research of the market.

3. Our profits were very small despite a large turnover.

IV. Перепишитеследующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The region we must explore possesses natural wealth. 2.The instruments our plant produces help to automate production processes.

1.Район, который мы должны исследовать, обладает огромными природными ресурсами. 2.Приборы, которые выпускает наш завод, помогают автоматизировать процессы производства.

1.The government informed they would increase the taxes.

2.The firm these people work in is nationalized by the state.

V. Перепишите следующие предложение и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива в предложении.

ОБРАЗЕЦ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ

1.The region we must explore possesses natural wealth. 2.The instruments our plant produces help to automate production processes.

1.Район, который мы должны исследовать, обладает огромными природными ресурсами. 2.Приборы, которые выпускает наш завод, помогают автоматизировать процессы производства.

1. A command economy doesn't allow individuals to make economic decisions.

2. To meet the increased demand for industrial goods, a great number of new shops have been opened in the towns.

3. The plant to be constructed in this region will be of great importance for the development of local industry.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 2-й, 4-й, 5-й абзацы.

World Bank Operations

1. The World Bankexists to encourage poor countries to develop byproviding them with technical assistance and funding for projects and policies that willrealize the countries’ economic potential.

2. During the first two decades of its existence, two thirds of the assistance provided by the Bank went to electric power and transportation projects. Although these so-called infrastructure projects remain important, the bank has diversified its activities in recent years.

3. The Bank gives particular attention to projects that can directly benefit the poorest in developing countries. The direct involvement of the poorest ineconomic activity is being promoted through lendingfor agriculture and ruraldevelopment, small-scale enterprises, and urban development. The Bank helping the poor to be more productive.

4. Within infrastructure projects there have also been changes. In transportation projects, greater attention is given to constructing farm-to-market roads. Industrial projects deal with creating jobs in small enterprises. The Bank provides most of its financial and technical assistance to developing countries bysupporting specific projects. Although IBRD (the International Bank for construction and Development) and IDA (the International Development Association) financing depends on the economic condition of the country and not on the characteristics of the project.

5. Every project supported by the Bank is designed in close collaboration with national governments and local agencies. In making loans to developing countries, the Bank does not compete with other sources of finance. It assists only those projects for which the required capital is not available from other sources on reasonable terms.

VII. Прочитайте 3-й абзац текста и письменно ответьте на следующий вопрос:

What kind of projects does the Bank give particular attention to?

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