Task 1. Read the whole text and choose the best statements below to fill in the gaps. Do not use any statements more than once. There is one extra statement. There is an example at the beginning (0)
(1) There are several definitions of management. According to one of them, management is a process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the work of organization members and using all available resources to reach the stated goals. (0) The management is composed of a team of managers who have charge of the organization at all levels. Their duties make sure that the company objectives are met and the business operates efficiently. (1) …
(2) Planning involves determining overall company objectives and deciding how these goals can best be achieved. Managers evaluate alternative plans and precise tactics before choosing a specific course of action and then check to see that the chosen plan fits into the objectives established at higher organization levels.
(3) Organizing, the second management function is the process of putting the plan into action. This involves allocating resources, especially human resources, so that the overall objectives can be attained. At this stage, managers divide the work into manageable activities and decide on the positions to be created and determine the associated duties and responsibilities. (2) …
(4) Third is the day-to-day direction and supervision of employees. In directing, managers guide, teach and motivate workers so that they reach their potential abilities and at the same time achieve the company goals that were established in the planning process. (3) …
(5) The last management function is controlling. (4) … They measure performance of their staff, to see whether the objectives set for the organization as a whole and for each individual member of it are being achieved. In order to complete this evaluation, managers must look at the objectives established at the planning stage and at how well the tasks assigned in the directing phase are being completed. If major problems exist and goals are not being achieved, then changes need to be made in the company’s organizational or managerial structure. (5) …
- The management is composed of a team of managers who have charge of the organization at all levels.
- Effective direction or supervision, by managers requires ongoing communication with employees.
- Four major principles or functions of management are: planning, organizing, directing, controlling.
- The belief that managers are made, not born, was a reversal of earlier thinking.
- Staffing, choosing the right person for the right job, may also be included as part of the organizing function.
- In making changes, managers might have to go back and replan, reorganize and redirect.
- At this stage managers evaluate how well company objectives are being met.
Task 2. Match the word with its definition: find the word in the marked paragraph of the text.
1. Directing of work; group of people who direct workers (p.1)
2. Source of supply for what is needed/used (p.3)
3. To make someone do something; to encourage someone to do something (p.4)
4. People working in a school, college, firm (p.5)
5. To find out the length/quantity of something (p.5)
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| Test 3. | | | Task 5. Open the brackets and put the verb in the correct form; put questions to the words in italics and write your questions down. |