The existence of separate federal and state judicial systems in the United States is a hallmark of federalism, which means these systems share authority to resolve legal disputes in their geographic boundaries. Federal and state courts sometimes have concurrent jurisdiction to resolve disputes arising from the same set of circumstances. For instance, federal and state authorities both took judicial action following the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City in 1995. Federal and state courts occasionally have exclusive jurisdiction over certain areas of the law. State courts, for instance, typically have exclusive jurisdiction to handle child custody disputes, while federal courts exclusively handle bankruptcy cases. The U.S. Constitution determines whether state and federal courts have concurrent or exclusive jurisdiction over a particular issue.
Task 9. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the words below. Compose your own sentences to show that you understand the meaning of the words above.
common law, apply laws, prior judicial decisions, civil law tradition, federal judiciary, Constitution's preamble, to resolve legal disputes, to handle child custody disputes, exclusive jurisdiction.
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| State Judicial Systems | | | Task 13. Translate the following passage into English paying special attention to the link words and expressions in italisized type. |