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International organization

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For the academic journal, see International Organization.

An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two main types:^[1]

• International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs): non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate internationally. These may be either:
• International non-profit organizations. Examples include the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières.
• International corporations, referred to as multinational corporations. Examples include The Coca-Cola Company and Toyota.

• Intergovernmental organizations, also known as international governmental organizations (IGOs): the type of organization most closely associated with the term 'international organization', these are organizations that are made up primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states). Notable examples include the United Nations (UN), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Council of Europe (CoE), European Union (EU; which is a prime example of a supranational organization), and World Trade Organization (WTO). The UN has used the term "intergovernmental organization" instead of "international organization" for clarity.^[2]

Non-governmental organization

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"NGO" redirects here. For other uses, see NGO (disambiguation).

Non-governmental organization (NGO) is a term that has become widely accepted as referring to a legally constituted, non-governmental organization created by natural or legal persons with no participation or representation of any government. In the cases in which NGOs are funded totally or partially by governments, the NGO maintains its non-governmental status and excludes government representatives from membership in the organization. Unlike the term intergovernmental organization, "non-governmental organization" is a term in general use but is not a legal definition. In many jurisdictions these types of organization are defined as "civil society organizations" or referred to by other names.

The number of internationally operating NGOs is estimated at 40,000.^[1] National numbers are even higher: Russia has 277,000 NGOs.^[2] India is estimated to have between 1 million and 2 million NGOs.^[3]

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