Thomas Gainsborough

Навыки художника

WORD / PHRASE

his painterly talents его талант к живописи

complete command of colour великолепное владение цветом

the brush искусство художника

brushwork манера художника накладывать краски кистью; манера письма

creative work творчество

finished technique отточенное мастерство

to group подбирать гармонично краски, цвета

handling умение художника владеть кистью verve живость и яркость (описания); сила изображения, индивидуальность художника

exquisite work тонкое мастерство

paint shop изостудия

studio мастерская художника

art exhibit художественная выставка

exhibit экспонат; выставлять,экспонировать

art exhibition художественная выставка

art gallery художественная галерея

a picture gallery картинная галерея

a picture show выставка картин

show выставка

one-man exhibition персональная выставка

private exhibition частная выставка

at the exhibition на выставке

exhibition halls (rooms) выставочные залы

loan exhibition выставка картин, временно предоставленных владельцами для экспозиции (музеем или отдельным лицом)

display выставка; выставлять, показывать

varnishing-day день накануне выставки (когда художники могут подправить свои картины, покрыть их лаком); вернисаж

opening day вернисаж

pictures hung on the line картины, выставленные так, что центр картины находится на уровне глаз зрителя;

графика	Drawing		Изобразительное искусство
рисунок	Drawing
икона	Icon
плакат	poster
скульптура	Sculpture
портрет	Portrait
автопортрет	Self-portrait
краска	Paint
рисовать (красками)	to paint
писать (картину)	to paint
натурщик	model
натурщица	model
рама (картины)	Frame
реставрация	Restoration
реставрировать	To restore
культурный	Cultural

Thursday-5/03(read)

British Museums

There are many museums in London. One of them is the Tate Gallery in Millmank, which presents modern masters of England and France. There are some fine examples of modern sculpture. Its collection of French Impressionists is marvellous. There is the Victoria and Albert Museum in Brompton Road. It has an outstanding collection of the applied arts of all countries and periods.

The National Gallery in Trafalgar Square has one of the best picture collection in the world. It has the most valuable display of French paintings from the early of the Impressionists, and, of course, the finest English painting, with Gainsborough, Turner, Constable and others. It shows the progress of Italian painting from the medieval to the Renaissance, some outstanding pictures of the old Roman masters. It also has a great variety of Dutch and Flemish masters and an excellent choice of Spanish painters. There are great treasures dispersed in private collections all over the world. The Queen's collection is the most valuable among them.

Friday-6/03(read)

Thomas Gainsborough

Thomas Gainsborough was one of the most famous portrait and landscape painters of 18th century Britain. The poetic sensibility of his paintings caused Constable to say, 'On looking at them, we find tears in our eyes and know not what brings them.'

Gainsborough was born in 1727 in Sudbury, England. His father was a schoolteacher. At the age of fourteen he impressed his father with his penciling skills so that he let him go to London to study art in 1740. In London he became associated with William Hogarth and his school. In the 1740s, Gainsborough married Margaret Burr. His work, mainly landscape paintings, was not selling very well. He returned to Sudbury in 1748—1749 and concentrated on the painting of portraits.

In 1759, Gainsborough and his family moved to Bath. There he studied portraits of Van Dyck and was able to get high society clients. In 1769 he began to send his works to the Royal Academy's annual exhibitions. He selected portraits of known or notorious clients to attract attention. Exhibitions helped him to gain a national reputation and he was invited to become one of the founding members of the Royal Academy in 1769.

In 1774, Gainsborough and his family moved to London He again exhibited his paintings in the Royal Academy, with portraits of contemporary celebrities, including the Duke and Duchess of Cumberland. These exhibitions continued for the next six years. In 1780, he painted the portraits of King George III and his queen and later received many royal commissions and became the favorite painter of the Royal Family.

In his later years, he often painted landscapes and was one of the originators of the eighteenth-century British landscape school, and one of the dominant British portraitists of the second half of the 18th century. Gainsborough painted more from his observations of nature than using formal rules. He said, Tm sick of portraits, and wish very much to... walk off to some sweet village, where I can paint landscapes and enjoy the fag end of life in quietness and ease.'

His best works, such as Portrait of Mrs. Graham; Mary and Margaret: The Painter's Daughters; William Haslett and His Wife Elizabeth, and Cottage Girl with Dog and Pitcher, display the individuality of his subjects.

Gainsborough died of cancer on 2 August 1788 in his 62nd year.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16