The judicial system in GB

The structure of the court system in GB is many-layered and almost incomprehensible. The courts in GB are divided into two large groups: criminal courts and civil courts. Criminal courts are Magistrates’ Courts and Crown Courts. Magistrates’ Courts are the courts of first instance. Cases involving minor offences begin and end there. Magistrates’ Courts normally consists of 3 justice of the Peace. Each of them works in the courts on about 30 to 50 days a year, receive no payment for their work and they are non-professional lawyers. In the courts the JPs are advised on points of law by their clerks. Some of the courts in London and in ten other towns have stipendiary magistrates, who are qualified lawyers, work full time and are paid salaries. The Crown Court is try serious criminal cases. The main function of the judge in a Crown Court are: to see that the trial is properly conducted; to give guidance to the jury before asking it for its verdict; if the jury finds the accused guilty, to decide upon the penalty and pronounce a sentence. A member of the jury may be local citizen, who have been ordered to be really to serve as members of the jury. I am against the jury in a trail because the jury are not professional and qualified lawyers, they don’t new laws, so they may doesn’t many mistakes. The county courts try minor civil cases. The count judges are appointed by the Crown Court on the advice of the Lord Chancellor.

The High Court is the most important civil courts. It is a composite description embracing 3 separate functions: Queen’s Bench, Chancery and Family Divisions. These divisions have separate jurisdiction, but that divisions were unified into the High Court in 1875. The Queen’s Bench Division has the widest jurisdiction is both the main civil court for disputes involving more than 5000 pounds and the main criminal court. The Family Division deals with divorce and questions’ arising out of wills as well as questions affecting children. The Chancery Division consists of the Lord Chancellor and 10 judges, and deals with questions of company law, bankruptcy, trusts, tax and various other issues affecting finance and property.

The master of the Rolls and 14 Lords Justices constitute the Court of Appeal. The High Court judges may also be present at the sittings. The Court of Appeal has 2 Divisions: civil and criminal. The House of Lords is the highest court in the land. The judges of the House of Lords are Lords of Appeal in Ordinary. They are about 12 members. The president of the House of Lords as a court is the Lord Chancellor.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14