Language practice and comprehension check.

TASK I Match the verbs from the right and the nouns from the left to get the phrases used in the text, make up your own sentences with them.

1. To grant/ to give

2. To meet

3. To persuade

4. To get

5. To summon

6. To hold

7. To deal with

A) One’s assent

B) Barons

C) Expenses

D) Emergency

E) Parliament

F) Aid

G) Barons/knight

TASK II Provide events for the following years:

1189-1199 –

1236 –

1254 –

1261 –

1264 –

1265 –

1295 –

TASK III Make up sentences which would start with the following:

1. Great Council…

2. Richard I…

3. Simon de Montfort…

4. Edward I…

5. Model Parliament…

TASK IV Compare the old and the modern meanings of the word Parliament.

1) - A solemn conference of all the estates of the kingdom, summoned together by the authority of the Crown, to consider the affairs of the realm. The constituent parts of the Parliament are the Sovereign and the three estates of the realm, i e, the Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal, who sit together with the Sovereign, in one House, and the Commons, who sit by themselves, in another.

(Mozley & Whiteley’s Law Dictionary )

2) The main law-making body of the UK – a combination of the sovereign, the House of Commons and the House of Lords.

(Martin Cutts MAKING SENSE of ENGLISH in the LAW)

3) Elected group of representatives who form the legislative body which votes the laws of a country (in the UK formed of the House of Commons and House of Lords)

(P.H.Collin DICTIONARY OF LAW)

TASK V a) Match the derivatives and their meanings:.

1) to revoke, 2) t o invoke, 3) t o evoke, 4) t o convoke, 5) t o provoke

a) to be the sudden cause of (a usu. unpleasant feeling or action);

b) to call together for a meeting;

c) to call or bring into use or operation: (to …voke the authority of the court; to …voke the Fifth Amendment);

d) to annul by taking back: (to …voke an offer);

e) to produce or to call up (a memory or feeling).

b) Use the above verbs in the following sentences:

1) Indeed, a refusal by Australian courts to subscribe to that general change in allegiance would … political conflict between them and the other branches of government.

2) Were statutes made by the King alone, with the assent of his subjects, or by the King, Lords, and Commons exercising a shared legislative power? This issue … continuing debate, which contributed to civil war in the 1640s, and was not finally resolved until 1689.

3) “The multitude constituted from the King, nobles, and wise men of the kingdom rules as much or more than the King alone, and on this account the King … Parliament for conducting difficult affairs.”

4) The King could confidently assume that if he complied with the common law his actions would be reasonable, except in very unusual circumstances when his absolute prerogatives might need to be ….

5) The due process clause has been successfully … to defeat retroactive invasion or destruction of property rights in a few cases.

6) The people entrusted their power to their representatives in the House of Commons, but the trust would be …, and the power revert to the people, if it were grossly abused.

7) Given the Supreme Court’s importance to the U.S. system of government, it was perhaps inevitable that the Court would … great controversy.

8) Unlike the dissent to United States participation in World War I, which … several prosecutions, the dissent to United States action in Vietnam was subjected to little legal attack.

9) The king could bestow privileges on the people he favored and, being the king, he could … those privileges at any time.

10) No one who is wise gives punishment so that past deeds may be …, but so that future deeds may be prevented.

11) Congress must abide by its delegation of authority until that delegation is legislatively altered or ….

TASK VI Find those passages in the text which express the following:

1. In the middle ages the monarchs had to pay for everything out of their own pocket.

2. The Sovereign sought landlords’ consent to collect more money from his people.

3. The consent of town leaders and burgesses was necessary to raise taxes.

4. The kings were not able to cover all governmental expenditures from their own income and landlords’ supplies.

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