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The UK is going through a period of quite extraordinary constitutional change. In the space of ten years the Westminster Model, formerly held up as the ideal type of unfettered majoritarian government, has seen the introduction of a whole series of new checks and balances to reduce the power and discretion of the executive. Devolution, the Human Rights Act (HRA), Lords reform, proportional voting systems, freedom of information (FOI), a new Supreme Court and an array of new constitutional watchdogs have transformed the Westminster constitution. European Union law, meanwhile, is reshaping the political and institutional context of the UK. Some of the changes to the constitution have been described as the biggest since the Great Reform Act of 1832 and the subsequent grant of universal adult suffrage.
b) Find more information about the mentioned acts on the site http://www.legislation.gov.uk
c) Answer the following questions:
· Will devolution lead to Scottish independence and the break up of the UK?
· Will a British bill of rights lead to yet more power for the judges?
· Will the introduction of proportional voting systems in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the European Parliament lead eventually to electoral reform at Westminster?
· Will this mean more power for Parliament, or less?
Scotland Act 1998
CHAPTER 46
An Act to provide for the establishment of a Scottish Parliament and Administration and other changes in the government of Scotland; to provide for changes in the constitution and functions of certain public authorities; to provide for the variation of the basic rate of income tax in relation to income of Scottish taxpayers in accordance with a resolution of the Scottish Parliament; to amend the law about parliamentary constituencies in Scotland; and for connected purposes.
Northern Ireland Act 1998
CHAPTER 47
An Act to make new provision for the government of Northern Ireland for the purpose of implementing the agreement reached at multi-party talks on Northern Ireland set out in Command Paper 3883.
Government of Wales Act 1998
CHAPTER 38
An Act to establish and make provision about the National Assembly for Wales and the offices of Auditor General for Wales and Welsh Administration Ombudsman; to reform certain Welsh public bodies and abolish certain other Welsh public bodies; and for connected purposes.
Human Rights Act 1998
CHAPTER 42
An Act to give further effect to rights and freedoms guaranteed under the European Convention on Human Rights; to make provision with respect to holders of certain judicial offices who become judges of the European Court of Human Rights; and for connected purposes.
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