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Glorious Revolution (Dec 1688-Feb 1689) – the name given to the events during which James VII and II fled from England, effectively abdicating the throne, and William III and Mary II were established by parliament as joint monarchs. The title, coined by Whigs who in the long term benefited most from it, celebrates the bloodlessness of the event, and the assertion of the constitutional importance of parliament.
James VII and II (1633-1701) – King of Scotland, as James VII, and of England and Ireland – as James II (1685-1688). The second son of Charles I of England, he escaped to Holland nine months before his father’s execution.
William III, “of Orange” (1650-1702) – King of Great Britain (1689-1702). Born in the Hague, he was the son of William II of Orange by Mary, the eldest daughter of Charles I of England. In 1677 he married his cousin, Mary, the daughter of James VII and II.
Charles I (1600-1649) – King of England and Ireland (1625-1649). He failed in his attempt to marry the Infanta Maria of Spain, marrying instead the French princess, Henrietta Maria (1609-69). This disturbed the nation, since the marriage articles permitted her the free exercise of the Catholic religion. Three parliaments were summoned and dissolved in the first four years of his reign; then for 11 years (1629-40) he ruled without one.
English Civil Wars (1642-8) – The country’s greatest internal conflict, between supporters of parliament and supporters of Charles I, caused by parliamentary opposition to what it considered growing royal power.
Charles II (1630-85) – King of England and Ireland (1660-85). He was the son of King Charles I.
LANGUAGE PRACTICE AND COMPREHENSION CHECK.
TASK I a) Look up the words fromACTIVE VOCABULARY:
Continuity - connectedness, unbrokenness, uninterruptedness.
To enshrine - to put or keep in a holy place (a shrine).
Relevant - 1) directly connected with the subject; 2) having practical value or importance.
To turn upon - to attack someone or criticize very strongly.
Accession -a coming into possession of an office or right.
To expunge - to rub out or remove (a word, name, etc.) from a list, book etc.
Stalemate - a situation in which neither side in a quarrel can get an advantage.
To assert - to make a claim to; defend (a right or claim) by forceful action.
b) Insert the missing words from the list above:
1) In each case the … statute will prescribe the procedure which must be followed when making the delegated legislation.
2) One of the main purposes of the constitution is to maintain political stability and … in the country.
3) “The state is responsible,” … the feminists, “for the breakdown of family life…”
4) The universities” autonomy is … in their individual charters.
5) They demanded to … the clause from the contract.
6) People all over the world hoped that nuclear … would lead to disarmament.
TASK II
a)Explain the meanings of the word combinations from the text:
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| Collins Dictionary of British History | | | Constitute, institute, substitute, restitution, constituency |