N Trans Group

State influence:

N Trans Group (earlier known under brand Severstaltrans) - is the private transportation company in Russia, CIS and the Baltic states. It was created in 2007[12]. The Group structure includes over 20 companies, active in various sectors of freight industry. Key services provided by the companies are rail and maritime cargo transportation and container handling. The group includes one of the leading Russian port operator Global Ports, the private rail operator Globaltrans[13] etc.

There is no direct state involvement as the company is private. However, as a role of the government in general is high in transportation industry, which has a strategic importance for it, company is still affected by the government.

Internationalization:

Country	GlobalPorts: presence in Finland, Estonia, other Europian countries, Asia and the USA. Globaltrans: presence in Ukraine, Estonia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, etc
Year of entry	GlobalPorts: In 2007 the parent company acquired interests in the Finnish Ports (container terminals MLT Kotka and MLT Helsinki). 2011 Global Ports Investments PLC listed its Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) on the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange.   Globaltrans: In 2008 the GDRs were listed on the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange with a free-float of approximately 30%. In July 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the creation of Ukrainian New Forwarding Company LLC, a wholly owned Ukrainian subsidiary[14]. In December 2008, the Group acquired 61% of AS Spacecom and 65% of Spacecom Trans (formerly Intopex Trans), two Estonian registered rail tank car leasing companies. These subsidiaries provided the Group with an increased presence in the oil products and oil transportation markets in Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia.
Industry/ business area	International and internal railway, sea, river, and truck shipping operations; rail transportation; transportation of bulk-oil cargoes; cargo handling in ports; computer monitoring of cargo movement; transportation of metal, raw material, bulk-oil, and other kinds of cargoes; container shipping; arrangement of multimodal transportation; and logistics[15].
Entry mode	GlobalPorts: - Via strategic partnership with market leaders: · Royal Vopak (owns 50% in Vopak E.O.S.) is a global market leader in independent bulk liquid storage terminals, operating 84 terminals in 31 countries worldwide as of April 2012 · Container Finance Ltd Oy (owns 25% of Moby Dik, MLT, CD and Yanino) is a Finnish group of companies that also operates a leading inter-European shipping line in the Baltic Sea Basin - Via brownfield investments (in terminals)   Globaltrans: - via acquisitions: · for ex, via acquisition of two Estonian registered rail tank car leasing companies.
Motives	Orientation on the sale side, market potential. Freight transportation is in general a more international activity than a domestic one, even though of course domestic transportation is huge too.
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	Advanced logistics and fleet management systems; reputation for delivering reliable service and effective transportation solutions. Company’s partners include many of Russia’s most important blue-chip companies including leading industrial groups such as Evraz, Gazpromneft, Lukoil, Mechel, Metalloinvest, MMK, Rosneft, Severstal, TMK and TNK-BP. We seek to establish long-term partnerships with our customers, based on mutual benefit and trust.
First mover or follower	Follower
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	State didn’t participate in this process directly. But it might have sponsored partly some acquisitions.
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	Internationalization is successful. Company continues to expand its business pursuing a strategy of opportunistic profitable growth, hitting higher and higher targets.

Moscow Metro

State influence:

Moscow metro is the main public transport of the capital carrying over a half of all city passengers. Many metro stations and ticket halls represent historical, cultural and architectural monuments and are protected by the government[16].

It is 100-% government owned company, a monopoly.

Internationalization:

No such. Apriori metro can not internationalize. Every city, not even to say about countries, has its own metropolitan.

TransOil

State influence:

Transoil Group (Moody’s Ba3, outlook – “stable”) is a leading group of private Russian companies consisting of a self-titled transportation company and three service companies supporting the operation of locomotives and rolling stock. Included in the Transoil Group are LLC Transport Leasing, LLC TransService, and LLC Transoil-Service[17].

The structure of the Company’s regional network, consisting of 10 branches and representative offices, ensures a superior level of customer service throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, Mongolia, Finland and the countries of the Baltics, CIS and Eastern Europe.

So, the company is not state-owned, and state doesn’t influence it more than other companies in the same transportation segment.

Internationalization:

Country	Operations with Mongolia, Finland and the countries of the Baltics, CIS and Eastern Europe. But mostly domestic ones.
Year of entry	No data available
Industry/ business area	· Dispatching control over movement of cargoes and giving respective information to cargo owners. · Settlements with carriers for transportation of goods and empty cars on a centralised basis through the Transport Service Centre of Russian Railways JSC with maintenance of availability of the necessary cash funds and control over correctness of settlements, reasonableness of collecting of payments and duties for carriage. · Settlements with foreign carriers for transportation of goods and empty cars over the CIS countries within the framework of cooperation with the leading forwarding organisations. · Settlements with the RF Departmental Railway Transport Security Service, Federal State Enterprise, to provide shift convoy and cargo protection in transit within the Russian Federation's territory.
Entry mode	Via agreements
Motives	Other general motives were the “pull” ones, i.e. growth opportunities: · To increase sales · To increase market share of the firm
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	Modern operational fleet, high quality of services, strict technological discipline and implementation of state-of-the-art standards of management.
First mover or follower	Follower
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	State is like an observer/controller, as oil cargo is extremely important for Russian economy
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	Can not be evaluated, maybe due to the fact that right now Transoil is at very early stage of internationalization process, and the results are not so substantial yet.

UTair

State influence:

UTair is a competitive Russian airline conducting its activities on market principles and striving towards maximum transparency while aiming to provide a whole new level of passenger service[18]. It is a private company and government influences it as any other private air company, ie through airline and air safety regulations, airport control, etc.

The airline "UTair" is well known for the huge volume of passenger and freight transport, both in Russia and in many parts of the world, carrying out orders of government and private organizations of many countries, as well as a large number of major commercial and non-commercial enterprises.

Internationalization:

For implementation of commercial projects abroad, there have been UTair subsidiaries established:

· UTair Europe has performed helicopter operations in Western and Eastern Europe countries since 2006;

· UTair South Africa performs operations in the African continent;

· UTair India (former UT Project Services Pvt.Ltd.) performs helicopter operations in India, has been in the market since 2005.

Country	UTair Aviation: UTair Aviation JSC is a Russian airline, one of the largest in Russia. UTair Aviation operates in more than 20 countries and have more than 100 highly reputed clients worldwide having diversified interests like construction of mega projects, oil and gas exploration, aerial surveys, passenger and cargo transportation, tourism, VIP transportation Since 1991 UTair Aviation has actively participated in transport provision for peace-support missions carried out by the United Nations Organization. On the basis of contracts made with UN, the company’s helicopters successfully performed transportations in the territory of various countries, in particular in Yugoslavia, Angola, Cambodia, Mozambique, Somali, Western Sahara, the Central African Republic, East Timor, Eritrea, Haiti and Iraq.   UTair Europe: A subsidiary of the Airline established in November 2006 located in the Slovak Republic. Since summer 2008 UTair Europe has cooperated with European companies – world leading manufacturers of ski-lifts, such as Doppelmayr, Tatrapoma, Pomagalski. UTair South Africa: The UTair SA airline was established in 2005 and is located at the Lanseria airport, SAR, in South Africa. The company performed works in Sudan under a contract with Skylink and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo under a contract with Rodeo carrying out geological explorations of mineral deposits.   UTair India: main base at New Delhi.
Year of entry	see above
Industry/ business area	UTair Aviation: passenger traffic.   UTair Europe: It performs such operations as fire fighting, logging, monitoring, air picketing. UTair Europe specialists regularly carry out complicated installation works, mainly, installation of equipment on skyscrapers in large cities of European countries.   UTair South Africa: fire fighting, implementation of construction projects and creation of infrastructure in the region, cargo transportation.   UTair India: civil helicopter aviation provider
Entry mode	greenfield (creation of subsidiaries/ offices), partnerships, contracts, agreements, FDI* *UTair India Pvt. Ltd. is the first company to bring in 100% FDI in civil helicopter aviation sector in India under the liberalized FDI policy of the Government of India
Motives	Other general motives were the “pull” ones, i.e. growth opportunities: · To increase sales · To increase market share of the firm
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	There are advantages only in helicopter segment: helicopter services are customer-oriented, modern and appealing. Only in India the fleet size consists of more than 350 helicopters and over 200 aircrafts of different make, types and sizes.   Passenger aviation services are not competitive at all, there are common crashes, accidents, etc.
First mover or follower	First-mover in the segment of helicopters. Follower in airline industry.
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	No direct involvement: only control and regulation (see above)
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	Very successful. A strong player in the entered markets. For example, Within a short span of two years of commencement of its operations, UTair India has already established itself as a leading and reliable Helicopter service provider.

AEON

State influence:

AEON Corporation is a privately owned investment group of international caliber, performing investments and reorganization of management systems in various spheres of industry, transport, construction and services. АЕON projects are being successfully implied on the territory of Russia, Germany, Holland, Ukraine and Kazakhstan[19].

More than 30 enterprises, performing their activities in different industries are parts of Corporation, and these are: cargo and passenger transportation, aerospace and aircraft industry, shipbuilding, machine tool industry, mechanical engineering industry, research and engineering activities, telecommunication lines construction, industrial construction, wood working, motor industry etc. All in all, more than 70 types of activities[20].

As for the cargo and passenger transportation, AEON owns and manages several companies operating in river transportation segment of transport industry.

No direct involvement: only through regulations and rules, which can be quite heavy-handed in Russia (for example as after the sinking of “Bulgaria” in Tatarstan).

Internationalization of cargo and passenger transportation:

Country	Russia, Ukraine,
Year of entry	NA
Industry/ business area	River transportation
Entry mode	Brownfield, FDI
Motives	The main strategic principal of AEON activities is to restore and develop certain enterprises in various segments of economics., i.e.: - to provide additional investments; - to carry out crisis management actions; - to comprehensive reorganize; - to introduce new technologies; - to search for the new directions of development; - to assist enterprises against hostile takeover bids. So, development and profit growth are main AEON motives for both diversification and internationalization.
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	Irregular solutions, team of highly professional managers
First mover or follower	Follower
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	State as a controller that has to make sure that all acquisitions are appropriate and do not violate antitrust regulations, etc
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	Company should not be considered international, as its almost all operations are within domestic country (Russia).

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14