Exercise 8. Complete these sentences, in which the speaker classifies information. Use no more than three words for each space.

1.Generally speaking, ….. two fundamental types of easements: temporary and permanent.

2. Permanent easements can be ….. three common types. These three are the easement in gross, the prescriptive easement and the easement appurtenant.

3. This ….. those easements which are given to a quasi-public corporation, such as the electric or phone company.

4. ….. of an easement appurtenant is called an easement by necessity.

5. Language use 3: Giving a presentation -structuring and signalling transitions

LANGUAGE USE 3. GIVING A PRESENTATION – SRRUCTURING AND SIGNALLING TRANSITIONS

A presentation should begin with a clear statement of the topic. You should also use language for classifying ideas to help you structure your talk. For example:

My presentation will deal with the topic of X. I will discuss the three most important types of X in my jurisdiction.

I would like to explain X in my jurisdiction. In our country, we distinguish between two main classes of X...

The overall structure of the presentation will be determined by the elements in the classification scheme, i.e. a three-part classification will lead to a presentation which includes an introduction, three main points and a conclusion.

When making the transition from one point to another, it is common to signal the move to a new point by using phrases such as the following:

Moving to my second point,...

That brings me to my next point.

To turn to / Turning to the second type of X,...

Exercise 9. Listen again. How does the speaker indicate a change to a new point? Add the signals to the list above.

SPEAKING 1. AN ASPECT OF REAL PROPERTY LAW

Exercise 10. Choose a topic related to real property law in your jurisdiction which lends itself to structuring by means of classification. Prepare a short presentation, making use of the phrases for classifying, structuring and signalling presented above.

Some possible topics are:

− Types of tenancy agreements

− Types of concurrent ownership of property

− Types of estates

− Tenant's rights

− Landlord's rights

READING 2: A LAW FIRM’S PRACTICE AREAS

Law firms commonly print brochures or create web pages in order to make their areas of expertise known to prospective clients. This kind of text, or competency statement, is usually entitled 'Practice Areas' and generally lists the areas of the law in which the firm has performed successfully and the areas which staff members have most experience in.

Exercise 11. Read the competency statement of a large American law firm. What area of the law does the firm handle in addition to real property? What two types of disputes are explicitly named in the text?

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