B) Take a lexical quiz.

Lexical Quiz: Change the words in bold type to make sentences true, according to the passage and your own mind.

1. Einstein was very stupid … … … … …

2. The more you rest your mind, the more intelligent you should become … … … … …

3. Parents should never play with their children … … … … …

4. Children who are always left alone are more likely to be bright … … … … …

5. It is bad for parents to tell children that they are clever … … … … …

6. Parents should say very negative things to their children … … … … …

7. Mothers should say to their sons that they are handsome and to their daughters that they are bright/smart … … … … …

Get acquainted with the famous American psychologist Howard Earl Gardner views and his famous theory on intelligence. Give your for and against this theory. Find some examples to each type of intelligence.

“I want my children to understand the world, but not just because the world is fascinating and the human mind is curious. I want them to understand it so that they will be positioned to make it a better place. An important part of that understanding is knowing who we are and what we can do... ourselves.”

Howard Gardner initially formulated a list of seven intelligences. His listing was provisional. The first two are ones that have been typically valued in schools; the next three are usually associated with the arts; and the final two are what Howard Gardner called 'personal intelligences”:

1. Linguistic Intelligence involves the ability to learn languages, and the capacity to use language to accomplish certain goals. Writers, poets, lawyers and speakers are among those that Howard Gardner sees as having high linguistic intelligence. (The Word-player, e.g.: I enjoy doing crossword puzzles).

2. Logical-mathematical Intelligence consists of the capacity to analyze problems logically, carry out mathematical operations, and investigate issues scientifically. This intelligence is most often associated with scientific and mathematical thinking. (The Questioner)

3. Musical Intelligence involves skill in the performance, composition, and appreciation of musical patterns. It encompasses the capacity to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms. (The Music Lover)

4. Bodily-kinaesthetic Intelligence entails the potential of using one's whole body or parts of the body to solve problems. It is the ability to use mental abilities to coordinate bodily movements. Howard Gardner sees mental and physical activity as related. (The Mover, e.g.: I like to dance, I engage in at least one sport).

5. Spatial Intelligence involves the potential to recognize and use the patterns of wide space and more confined areas. (The Visualizer)

6. Interpersonal Intelligence is concerned with the capacity to understand the intentions, motivations and desires of other people. It allows people to work effectively with others. Educators, salespeople,

religious and political leaders all need a well-developed interpersonal intelligence. (The Socializer)

7. Intrapersonal Intelligence entails the capacity to understand oneself, to appreciate one's feelings, fears and motivations. In Howard Gardner's view it involves having an effective working model of ourselves, and to be able to use such information to regulate our lives. (The Loner, e.g.: I often meditate).

8. Naturalistic was added by Gardner at a later date. (The Nature Lover, e.g.: I like to garden, I enjoy having pets, I have plants in my home).

Note: Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences has not been readily accepted within academic psychology. However, it has met with a strongly positive response from many educators.

18. Are you a reliable witness? Study the picture for only twenty seconds. You are going to answer the questions about the picture right now. Do not look back at the photo.

1. What make/model of car is it?

2. Are there any windows in the car?

3. How many wheels does the car have?

4. Are there any letters on the car?

5. Is there any number on the car?

6. How many men are there near the car?

7. How are the men dressed?

8. What is there behind the car?

9. What material is the wall behind the car made from: stone, brick, plastic?

10. What does the car stand on?

11. Does the car have headlights?

12. What is the height of the car?

19. Read about and define the difference between non-technical (A) and technical (B) description. Only after that describe the schematic of the armchair below. Which description is it easier for you to make? Why?

A     The writer tries to tell you what he feels about things.	B     There is no place for emotions in the technical description. You say about things in as short a way as you can.You give a clear picture of the chair.
Remember that the writer shows his emotions and use such words as “pleasure”, “glad”, “friend”, “thankfulness” and many pronouns: “I”, “me”, “mine”. He might write something like this:	Remember your reader should be able to make a chair similar to the one you describe or to make a sketch. The purpose of a complete technical description is to give all the necessary details forgetting feelings.
1 a) What a pleasure it is for me, on coming home after a hard day’s work, to see my chair near the window, inviting me to a few minutes repose	1 b) Thus, the entire chair is made of pine.It stands 27 in. high. The top of the seat is 18 in. from the floor. Rounded legs connect the legs (except at the back). The seat is wide and solid: 21 in. wide in front, 16 in at the rear.
2 a) It isn’t a new chair; I’ve had it for many years. One of its arms is cracked a little, and the paint has long since worn off the parts where I rest my elbows and scrape my shoes.	2 b) The arms and back- rest are curved and are made of three parts connected by dowelling joints.
3 a) But nevertheless, it is an old friend whom I am always glad to see again and into whose arms I trust myself with thankfulness and pleasure.	3 b) The legs are square on two sides, rounded on the outside, and tapered on the foot.
Conclusions A: You know what the writer feels but you don’t know if the chair was like this or that.	Conclusions B: The writer doesn’t write “the chair has a back”, because all chairs have backs. Accurate measurement is the basis of all technical work.

20. Read and translate the text “Children and Parents”. Write down the main idea of the text.

In a family, parents are responsible for the welfare of the children and offer the children an embracing, unconditional love that overlooks and compensates for their weaknesses. Through their example, they teach their children the basic values and attitudes which they will carry throughout life. The children, in turn, respect their parents as the source of their very being, as their teachers, and as the ones who have laboured and sacrificed for their sakes. When they are grown, they should be responsible to care for their parents in their old age. These relative responsibilities should not be undertaken as a matter of duty, but rather emerge from the spontaneous promptings of parental love and the children's gratitude and respect. This is the vertical axis defining relations of love and respect between people of unequal status and different responsibilities.

Laugh-a-bits

21. A. Look at the diagram of the story: “Whenever”. Do you find it optimistic, realistic, funny or something else? Think of some endings of your own to complete or compose a fascinating story.

Whenever my teachers have
give us homework	look at me	a test	a cup of tea
I’d like to say	through his	I	the world
“No”	thick glasses	wish I had	seems
but I	I	the brains	alright…
don’t	feel very small	of a computer

B. Try it! Are you Susceptible to Stereotyping?

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14