Christopher marlowe

THE RENAISSANCE (1500—1650)

1. In the opening years of the fourteenth century, there began to develop in Italy an increasing interest in the manuscripts that had survived from ancient Greece and Rome. As more and more on these were unearthed in libraries and masteries, Italy fell under the spell of the intellectual movement we have come to call the Renais­sance - the rebirth of scholarship based on classical learning and philosophy. The Renaissance period in England may be divided into three parts: the rise of the Renaissance under the early Tudor monarchs (1500—1558), the height of the Renaissance under Elizabeth I (1558—1603), and the decline of the Renaissance under the Stuart monarchs (1603—1649).In 1485, with the end of the Wars of the Roses of the crowning of Henry VII, domestic unrest ended. Henry immediately set about unifying the country, strengthening the crown, and replenishing the royal treasury.Under the reign of his son, Henry VIII (1509—1547), England was ripe for the intellectual ferment of the Renaissance. The popu­lation had begun to increase rapidly, feudalism was on its death­bed, and there was a steady movement of population to the larger towns and cities, especially London. The population of London, only 93 000 in 1563, had by 1605 more than doubled, to 224 000.

Edmund spencer

Edmund Spenser (1552?—1599), was a great Elizabethan poet. His epic poem, «The Faerie Queene», though never finished, is a masterpiece of English literature. Spenser completed only 6 of the 12 books (sections) he planned for this work.«The Faerie Queene» is an allegory (extended metaphor) filled with personifications of abstract ideas like pride, hypocrisy, and faith

Sir philip sidney

Sir Philip Sidney (1554—1586), was an author, courtier during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. He became famous for his literary criticism, prose fiction, and poetry. Sidney's greatest work is «Astrophil and Stella», which con­sists of 108 sonnets and 11 songs. This sequence - written in the 1580's - is one of the great works produced during the Elizabethan fashion for sonnet cycles.

christopher marlowe

Christopher Marlowe (1564—1593), was the first great Eliza­bethan writer of tragedy. His most famous work, «The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus» (about 1588), is an imaginative view of a legendary scholars fall to damnation through lust for forbidden knowledge, power, and sensual pleasure, Never before in English literature had a writer so powerfully shown the souls conflict with the laws defining the place of human beings in a universal order.

William Shakespeare (1564—1616), was an English play­wright and poet He is generally considered the greatest dramatist the world has ever known and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare wrote at least 37 plays, which have traditionally been divided into comedies, histories, and tragedies.

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