Задание на дом № 2

XVII. Укажите, в каких предложениях выделенное слово является союзом, а в каких предлогом. Переведите предложения
(устно):

1. The seed does not germinate because of low soil temperature. 2. The seed does not germinate because the soil temperature is too low. 3. The roots of winter crops should develop properly before win­ter. 4. The roots of winter crops should develop properly before winter begins. 5. The seed started to germinate after rain. 6. The seed starts to germinate after the soil has become warm. 7. Many factors are essential for the germination of the seed. 8. The seed will not germinate for a long time, for the soil temperature is too low for it.

XVIII. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово (устно):

1. The functions of roots and leaves differ,... manufacturing, car­bohydrates by the process of photosynthesis (the former, the latter). 2. Soil air contains... oxygen than the atmospheric air because both plant roots and microorganisms use oxygen for respiration (ore, less). 3. The amount of nitrogen in the soil increased... the beans had been grown... two years (before, for, after). 4. The growth of carrots was... by our having irrigated the crop during the growing season (followed, influen­ced). 5. When high quality seed is not... farmers sow poor seed produ­cing low yields (valuable, available). 6. The quality of the stored seed was reduced... bad storage conditions (due. to, due). 7. One cannot obtain a high yield... the conditions of growing are favourable (if, un­less). 8. The structure of the soil is affected by... timo and method of cultivation (proper, properly). 9.... wheat alfalfa has a tap root system (like, unlike).

XIX. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами в
соответствующей форме (письменно):

dormancy, to favour, immature, to establish, practice, underseeding, proper, germinating power, overseeding, favourable.

1. Quick and uniform germination can be provided by planting seed
at a... depth. 2. Both... and... reduce potential yield. 3. Applying

proper fertilizers... seed germination. 4. It is necessary to test..

before the seed is planted. 5. Dormant seed does not germinate even under... conditions. 6. Each species has its... period. 7. A vigorous and

uniform stand can... by proper rate and depth of seeding. 8. Using

proper seeding machines is one of the agronomic... recommnded for obtaining good stand. 9. Poor plants may be produced by using... seed.

XX. Определите, какие слова из правой колонки могут соче-
таться со словом из левой колонки (устно):

seed — mature, high-quality, dormant, fibrous, hollow, moist, active, useful, immature, weed, successful;

stand — desirable, improved, proper, avai lable, poor, frost-free, cool, careful, scientific, vigorous, uniform;

to produce — yield, seed, stand, dormancy, threshing, seeding machinery, environment, proper, conditions.

XXI. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык

(письменно):

а) 1. Чистота и всхожесть — основные качества хороших се-
мян.

2. Незрелые семена не должны использоваться для посева.

3. Семена обычно не прорастают сразу после созревания.

4. Почва для высева семян должна быть достаточно влажной
и теплой. 5. Крупные семена заделываются (высеваются) глуб-
же, чем мелкие. 6. Глубина и норма посева очень важны для полу-
чения высококачественного травостоя.

б) 1. Успешное выращивание культур в большой степени зави-
сит от чистоты и всхожести семян. 2. Семена можно очистить от
примесей, используя специальные машины. 3. Не следует высе-
вать незрелые семена, так как они не дадут сильных и дружных
всходов. 4. Если почва недостаточно влажная и теплая, семена не
прорастут быстро и дружно. 5. Высев семян сверх нормы неже-
лателен, так как растения не будут иметь достаточного количес-
тва питательных веществ и воды для хорошего роста. 6. Высевая
высококачественные семена при благоприятных условиях, можно
получить высокие урожаи сельскохозяйственных культур.

АУДИТОРНАЯ РАБОТА

XXIII.Проверка домашнего задания.

XXIV.Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту А (устно):

1. What kind of seed is essential to successful crop production?

2. How can weed seed be removed?

3. Why is immature seed undesirable for planting?

4. What is dormancy?

5. Why shouldn't fine seed be planted too deeply?

6. What agronomic practices should be followed for obtaining high-
quality stand?

XXV. Прочтите текст В, не пользуясь словарем, и укажите
номер абзаца, где говорится о том, какой должна быть почва для
хорошего прорастания семян.

Text В

GERMINATION

1. When environmental conditions are favourable a young dormant plant begins to grow. This change from a dormant condition (состоя­ние) to that of activity is known as germination.

2. Seeds of various kinds of plants require specific conditions for germination. These conditions include adequate moisture, due tempera­ture and proper amount of air. Seeds of a very few plants require light as well. Unless all these conditions are provided, the seeds will not germinate properly.

3. The most favourable temperature for germination varies with the crop. Some seeds require high temperature for good germination, others will germinate best at lower temperature. Oats, for example, germinate at a much lower temperature than corn.

4. When the seed is sown in a firm, moist seedbed, quick and uni­form germination is obtained, provided other conditions are favourable. A firm seedbed is desired because under such conditions the seed and soil come into closer (тесный) contact and moisture becomes available to the seed. Too much moisture is undesirable because it may reduce germination due to deficiency of air.

5. Air is needed for germination, for oxygen is necessary for certain chemical reactions that take place in the plant food stored in the seed.

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