United States and Canada

In Canada and the United States the grades traditionally begin at 1 and run to 12 (or 11 or 13 in some areas); in the US they are referred to by ordinal number (e.g. "third grade"), while in Canada the cardinal number is used (e.g. "grade 3"). An additional preceding level called Kindergarten is now standard in most areas, and a further preceding level called Preschool or Nursery school is not uncommon. In the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, as well as some parts of the state of Wisconsin, kindergarten is split further into junior and senior kindergarten.

At the secondary school level, grades 9–12 are also known as freshman (or "first-year"), sophomore, junior, and senior, especially in the United States. At the post-secondary level (college or university), these terms are used almost exclusively to refer to what would otherwise be grades 13–16, also mainly in the United States. However, at the post-secondary level in Canada, freshman is often called first-year, sophomore as second-year, and so on.

These tables outline the ages, in years, of each grade level. However, students are sometimes older because of grade retention or younger because of grade skipping.

Elementary school: (sometimes includes 5th or 6th grade, and sometimes goes up to 8th grade)U.S. Grade Ages Canadian Grade

kindergarten 5–6 kindergarten

first grade 6–7 grade one

second grade 7–8 grade two

third grade 8–9 grade three

fourth grade 9–10 grade four

fifth grade 10–11 grade five

Middle school: (variations: grade 5–6, grade 6–8, grade 5–8, grade 5–9, grade 6–9, grade 7–8)U.S. Grade Ages Canadian Grade

sixth grade 11–12 grade six

seventh grade 12–13 grade seven

eighth grade 13–14 grade eight

High school:U.S. Grade Ages Canadian Grade

ninth grade, freshman 14–15 grade nine

tenth grade, sophomore 15–16 grade ten

eleventh grade, junior 16–17 grade eleven

twelfth grade, senior 17–18 grade twelve

Children typically start school at age five, but may turn six during the school year. This accounts for age differences within the same grade. Different school districts have different entrance requirements, with some using age on the first day of school, and others using age on a specified date. Also, some areas use junior high school, typically grades 7–8 or 9, instead of middle school. The grade configurations vary from school to school and district to district in the USA and Canada.

Education- USA

American public education is operated by state and local governments, regulated by the United States Department of Education through restrictions on federal grants. Children are obliged in most states to attend school from the age of six or seven (generally, kindergarten or first grade) until they turn eighteen (generally bringing them through 12th grade, the end of high school); some states allow students to leave school at sixteen or seventeen.[155] About 12% of children are enrolled in parochial or nonsectarian private schools. Just over 2% of children are homeschooled.[156] The United States has many competitive private and public institutions of higher education, as well as local community colleges of varying quality with open admission policies. Of Americans twenty-five and older, 84.6% graduated from high school, 52.6% attended some college, 27.2% earned a bachelor's degree, and 9.6% earned graduate degrees.[157] The basic literacy rate is approximately 99%.[1][158] The United Nations assigns the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying it for twelfth-best in the world.[159]

Community college

A community college is a type of educational institution. The term has different meanings in different countries.

In Canada and the United States, a community college, sometimes called a county college, junior college, technical college, or a city college, is an educational institution providing higher education and lower-level tertiary education, granting certificates, diplomas, and Associates' degrees. The name derives from the fact that community colleges primarily attract and accept students from the local community, and are often supported by the local community through property taxes.

In the UK, community college is a name given to a secondary school, usually offering extended services of some sort, for example by having achieved a status as a technology college or by providing adult education courses. Community colleges in the UK grant General Certificates of Secondary Education and if the college incorporates a Sixth Form, A-levels or sometimes other vocational qualifications (eg GNVQs).Contents [hide]

Community colleges were at one time (before the 1970s and '80s) more commonly referred to as junior colleges, and that term is still used at some institutions. However, the term "junior college" has evolved to describe private two-year institutions, whereas the term "community college" has evolved to describe publicly-funded two-year institutions. Based on this evolution in terminology, the main governance body of community colleges changed its name in 1992 to the "American Association of Community Colleges" from the "American Association of Junior Colleges".

Дата добавления: 2015-11-13