Independent works №2

Independent works

Course. 7 semester

A.y.

Module 1

Instructions: Choose one of the independent works and do it. Please send it to my e-mail or as a message in vk.com until Friday 16 October 2015

Independent works №1

Theme: High and Low Context Cultures

Prepare your report about Edward Hall’s classification. Choose high or low context cultures and describe one of them. Include countries which belong to these cultures.

High-Context Cultures:

- China

- Korea

- Japan

- Latin America

- France

Low-Context Cultures:

-The U.S.A.

-Scandinavia

-Germany

What do we call the people who come from these countries? Define the nationalities of these countries.
Japan, America, Spain, Germany, Canada, Australia, France, China, Portugal, Turkey, Egypt, Brazil, Sweden.

Give yourinterpretations to the following definition of culture by Robert Kohls. After create your own definitions to the culture.

“Culture is an integrated system of learned behavior patterns that are characteristic of the members of any society. Culture refers to the total way of life for a particular group of people. It includes what a group of people thinks, says, does and makes-its customs, language, material artifacts and shared systems of attitudes and feelings. ”

Independent works №2

Theme: Communication as basic linguistic functions

Read the text and do the following tasks:

Introduction: Language can serve to strengthen community and cultural identity; it can also be a source of misunderstanding and an obstacle in intercultural interaction. Culture and language are bound inextricably. Language usage is a function of the cultural context. Language also shapes perception. People perceive the world in the way their language allows.

Words of a language might have different meanings: denotative, connotative, contextual, and figurative. This assignment is addressed to the figurative one. Figurative words are those used in an unusual and non-literate sense to give beauty or clarity to what is said. Figurative meanings carry affective connotations, helping bring the speaker's feelings to the listener. Figurative phrases, constructions, and expressions holding a different meaning from the literal one are widely used in any language and are known as idioms. Idioms can cause all sorts of problems for foreigners and especially translators because their meanings are contained in the user of words, not in the words themselves. What it means is that all idioms are determined by and specific to a certain culture.

Task:

What are the Russian equivalents and/or translations for the following American idioms?

1. "Killing one bird with one stone"

2. "Letting the cat out of the bag"

3. "Pride goes before a fall"

4. "Turn the tables"

5. "He's as slow as molasses" What other idioms in English do you know? Do they have equivalents inRussian? If not, how will you translate them?

6. Do you know any other idioms that you consider to be "culturally" American?What are they?

7. How will you translate them into Russian/Kazakh? Do theyhave equivalents in Russian/Kazakh?

8. Do you know any other idioms that you consider to be "culturally" Russian?What are they? How will you translate them into English? Do they haveequivalents in English?

9. Do you know idioms that you consider" to be "culturally" Kazakh? What arethey? How will you translate them into English and Russian? Do they haveequivalents in English and Russian?

10.Do you agree with Michael Specter's opinion on the way Russian idiomscharacterize Russian culture? Does his perception of Russian idioms make himstereotype Russians or not? Explain.

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