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A good beginning
This is where you tell the reader what you are going to write. A good beginning has certain requirements. A good beginning is short two or three sentences is enough to tell your reader how you plan to approach the topic.
A good beginning is direct. In of a chart or graph,, state the relationship between the two charts or the parts of the chart in your first sentence. In case of comparison, state both sides of the argument in your first sentence. In a short composition, you don’t have enough time for indirect approaches.
A good beginning is an outline. The second sentence usually outlines the organization. It gives the reader a general idea of your plan.
Good comments
This is where you write. Good comments include several points. A short composition may have between two and five points. Usually, the writer selects three. In the case of a chart or graph, the number may be determined by the number of the variables on it. In case of comparison, three reasons is a standard argument.
Good comments are related. All of the comments should relate to the general statement in the first sentence.
Good comments are logical. The points should be based on evidence. In the case of a chart or graph, the evidence should come from information on the chart or graph. In case of comparison, the evidence should come from sources that can be cited, such as a television program that you have seen, an article that you have read in a magazine, a book, that you have read, or a lecture that you have heard.
Good comments are not judgments. Opinions should be identified by phrases such as, in my opinion”, “in my view”, “it seems to me that”. Furthermore, opinions should be based on evidence. Opinions that are not based on evidence are judgments. Judgments usually use words like: “good” or “bad”, “write” or “wrong”. Judgments are not good comments.
A good ending
This is where you tell the reader what you wrote. A good ending is a summary. The last sentence is similar to the first sentence. In a short composition, a good ending does not add new information. It does not introduce a new idea.
A good ending is not an apology. A good ending does not apologize for not having said enough or for not having had enough time.
Example Tests
The following examples test would receive a score of 6. They are well organized, they address the topic, they include examples and details, and they have some but not many errors in grammar and vocabulary.
Example Test One
Topic: Some students in the United States work while they are earning their degrees in college; others receive support from their families. How should a student’s education be supported? Argue both sides of the issue and defend your position.
Some students in the USA work while they are earning their degrees; others receive support from their families. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. In this essay, I will name some of the advantages of each approach, and will argue in favor of family support.
In a society where independence and individual accomplishment are value, a student who earned his degree by working would be greatly admired. Friends would praise him for his initiative and perseverance. Future employers might be impressed by his work record. He might derive greater satisfaction from his personal investment in it.
On the other hand, in a society where cooperation and family dependence are value, a student who received support would be better understood. Friends would praise him for his efforts in behalf of his family. Future employers would not expect a work record from a student. He might feel greater responsibility toward others in his family because the accomplishment was shared. Thus, not one but every family member would assure some opportunity or benefit.
As for me, I must argue in favor of family support. When I study at an American university, my elder brother will send me money every month. When I get my degree and find a good job, I will send my younger sister to school or university. It may not be the best way, but it is the way that my society rewards.
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Exercise 13. Insert square brackets where appropriate in the following sentences. | | | Example Test Two |