Political system of Russia

According to the Constitution, the Russian Federation, Russia is a democratic federative law-based state with a republican form of government. The federated structure of Russian is based on its state integrity, government system unity, delimitation of the competence objects and proxies between the state authorities of the Russian Federation and the state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, equality and self-determination of nations of Russia. The capital of Russia is Moscow and the state language is Russian. The Russian Federation consisits of republics, territories (krais), regions(oblasts), cities of federal significance, autonomous region (oblast), autonomous districts (okrugs) - equal in their rights subjects of the Russian Federation.

The head of Russia is the President, who is the guarantor of the Constitution and Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The elections of the President are held every 6 years and no more than twice by the citizens of the state. The President of the Russian Federation is Vladimir V. Putin. According to Constitution the state power of Russia is divided into the legislative, executive and judicial brunches.

The legislative and representative government body in Russia is the Federal Assembly - the Parlament of the Russian Federation, which consists of two chambers (houses) - the Federation Council and the State Duma. The main function of the legislative power is making laws.The legislative process in Russia includes three hearings in the State Duma, then approvals by the Federation Council, the upper house and sign into law by the President.

The Constitution prescribes that the executive power of Russia is the Government of the Russian Federation, which consists of a Prime Minister (Chairman of the Government), the vice-Chairmen of the Government and the Federal ministers. The Prime Minister carries out administration in line with the constitution and laws and presidential decrees. The ministries of the Government execute credit and monetary policies and defense, foreign policy, and state security functions; ensure the rule of law and respect for human and civil rights; protect property; and take measures against crime. The Government formulates the federal budget, submits it to the State Duma, and issues a report on its implementation.

The judicial system of Russia is administrated by the Ministry of Justice. The Ministry's responsibilities include the establishment of courts and the appointment of judges at levels below the federal district courts. The system of general jurisdiction courts includes the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, regional level courts, district level courts and justices of the peace.

Subjects of the Federation have their legislatures and governments, who act within the competence determined by the Constitution and, in some cases, an agreement between the Federation and the region. There are over 24,000 municipalities in Russia. Structure of a municipal government is determined by the regional legislation under the legal framework established by the federal laws and include a legislative body at the local level.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16