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• In Japanese corporations everyone is trained to be a generalist, as opposed to a “ narrow specialist ” in the USA.
• People are rotated in every department of the company and transferred to other departments to familiarize themselves with the entire company, and can therefore take over several different duties.
• Decisions are made by all employees, and not just by one top executive as in the USA.
• Management consensus is very common.
• Informal get-togethers (at lunch, coffee breaks) allow the participants to develop a better understanding of the subject and then bring to successful negotiations with the partner.
5 WRITE A MEMO (MEMORANDUM) based on Listening task, (SB: page 52)
a). Listen to Ms Morivake, a Japanese consultant discussing the content of her seminars on successful management. While listening make notes after the plan of SB page 52. You will find the model for writing a memo at the reference section at the end of the brochure.
b). Write a memo of 100 – 150 words based on your notes. Turn to Reference section before writing.
Situation: Vincent Mills, Human Resources Manager recommends the Heads of Department to attend the seminar He does it by writing a MEMO. The memo is usually short, informative and semi-formal, close to the style of E-mail.
Key for writing:
To: HDs
From: …
Subject: Seminars on…
Date: …
Introduction. Announce the event, name and position of the speaker, subject of the seminar. Tell why you want the HDs to attend.
The body of the MEMO: Give brief comments on each item of the plan
• Emphasis on the group. (à See next page)
• Human relations.
• Specific features of Japanese management à See next page
Recommendations:
Motivate attendance. Give reasons why the information will be of use for the HDs
Inform about: time and place arrangements. Mention coffee break and the opportunity for informal chattering with the guest
Close the memo with the phrase: If you have any questions, please, contact my secretary Ms Chase on 01 793 - 39.
Sign with initials of the sender. (VM)
5. ROLE-PLAY. (SB page 53)
A cross- cultural consultant and a person going to a foreign country on a business trip discuss the cross-cultural issues, which might be important for doing successful business.
In pairs: discuss the following issues:
Use of language: addressing / greeting (formal? informal?)
Non-verbal communication: handshaking, gestures?
Business negotiations: punctuality / respecting the agenda?
Negotiating styles: direct? Indirect? When is the right moment to mention money?
Socializing: attitudes: gift giving, eating, humor? Conversation topics: (religion, politics, salaries?)
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