Minor - несовершеннолетний

Prohibition is.1!<•<•.il km on ||ц- manufacture and sale of

_____________; by rxIriiMon. Ilic icmii also denotes lho:,r period¹.

in history when surli bans have been in (out, as well as the political and social movements advocating them. Such

movements (also called____________) have occurred whenever

Mi'iiilicaiil numbers of people have believed that the consumption of alcoholic beverages presented a serious threat to the integrity of their most vital institutions, especially the institution of the family. Drunkenness is considered an evil in most of the world's major religious traditions, and Islam has for centuries forbidden

even the moderate_____________. In the West, however, efforts

to ban the consumption of alcohol have been a relatively recent phenomenon.

Their origin can be traced to the apparently rapid spread of

the technology of____________in 18th-century Europe, which

alarmed those concerned with public health and morals. In England and the American colonies, governments after 1750

made___________to discourage the excessive use of distilled

spirits. In the mid-19th century Abraham Lincoln said that

intoxicating liquor was______________ and that it came forth

in society "like the Egyptian angel of death, commissioned to slay if not the first, the fairest born in every family." By the 1820s people in the United States were drinking, on the average,

27 liters (7 gallons) of__________each year, and many religious

and political leaders were beginning to see drunkenness as a national curse. Many people believed a close relationship existed between drunkenness and the rising incidence of crime, poverty, and violence, concluding that the only way to protect society from this threat was to abolish the__________. The first state prohibition law, passed in Maine in 1851, prohibited the manufacture and sale of "spiritous or intoxicating liquors" not intended for medical or mechanical purposes, and 13 of the 31 states had such laws by 1855. By that time the annual per capita

___________had fallen to about 8 liters (about 2 gallons).

The political crisis that preceded the ___________

distracted attention from Prohibition. Many of the early state laws were modified, repealed, or ignored, and for years few restraints were placed on manufacturing or selling anything alcoholic. The population increased rapidly after the Civil War, and soon there

were______________in the country (about 1 for every 400

men, women, and children in 1870); these saloons became increasingly competitive for the drinkers' wages. Thus, many of them permitted gambling, prostitution, sales to minors, public drunkenness, and violence.

Task 2. Read and translate the text into English

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14