III. Восполните пропущенную часть предложения.

1. The man had a newspaper open in front of him which____________

2. The detective showed the owner of the restaurant____________

3. The narrator thought he was lucky to come to a restaurant where

PART 3 SPEAKING

FUNCTION FUNCTIONAL EXPONENTS

Accepting/ offering/ declining invitations	Imperatives Would you like to...? How would you like to...? May I have the pleasure of...? May I invite you to...? Thank you very much. This is kind of you. Thank you very much. I'd love to. That's very kind of you - but I'm afraid I have already arranged/promised to... What a pity. I would have loved to come.
Admiring	What a... How...
Agreeing	Yes, of course. That's fine by me. OK. I'd love to. I'd prefer... That would be very nice. Of course. That's no problem. I agree entirely. Right.
Apologising	I'm sorry to keep you waiting. I'm terribly/awfully sorry, but... Sorry for... Sorry about that. I didn't realise.../It was an accident, etc. I'm really sorry about that. I really am very sorry. I do apologise.
Approving	Fantastic! Good idea. Great! That's a good idea. That's a relief! That's all right, then. That sounds like a good idea. That would be fine.
Asking for and giving directions	Could you tell me the way to...? Can you tell me where...? How do you get to...? Go straight ahead for... yards/metres. Take the first/second etc. turning on the right/left. Turn right/left at... It's on your right/left.
Asking for and giving	See that...
directions (cont.)	When you get there, you'll see...
	You can see it from here.
	You'll find...
Asking for and giving	And then what?
explanations	How on earth did it happen?
	I don't know what you mean.
	What do you mean?
	What do you mean, exactly?
	As far as... goes,...
	As far as I know,...
	As I said,...
	As it happens,...
	As you can see,...
	As you know,...
	As you'd expect,...
	Didn't you know?
	Haven't you heard?
	I assure you,...
	On the whole,...
	To be honest,...
	Well, I'll tell you one thing.
	Well there's just one thing.
	You know what I mean.
Asking for and giving	What's your name?
personal information	How old are you?
	Have you got...?
	What do you do?
	Do you like...?
	Do you...?
	Which... do you like best?
	Where do you live?
	Have you (ever)...?
	How many brothers and sisters have you got?
Asking for repetition	Could you repeat it, please?
and clarification	... did you say?
	I'm sorry. Could you repeat that, please?
	I'm sorry. I didn't quite catch that.
	I'm sorry. What was that you said?
Asking for/ giving	What shall I do?
advice	What should I do?
	Ought to
	Should have
	You should/ought to...
	If I were you, I'd...
	You'd better...
	I'd advise you to...
	I (don't) think you should...
Asking for/ giving	There's nothing wrong in... -ing
advice (cont.)	I wouldn't advise you to...
	I don't think it's a good idea to...
	It's not worth it
	It's (not) worth... -ing
	You can either... or...
	It is important to...
	If I were you, I'd...
	Why don't you...?
	Try...-ing.
	Why not...?
	What/How about... -ing?
	You really ought to...
	You could/might
	A good way to... is to...
	The best way to... is to...
	I/We think it's a mistake to...
	Stop... -ing and start... -ing
	Better not...
	Just..., that's all.
	Now then,...
	Perhaps you'd better...
Asking for/ giving	And then what?
explanations	What do I do next?
	What if...?
	Can you tell me how this machine works?
	How on earth did it happen?
	I don't know what you mean.
	What do you mean?
	What do you mean, exactly?
	Because, in order to, so that
	As far as... goes,...
	As far as I know,...
	As I said,...
	As it happens,...
	As you can see,...
	As you know,...
	As you'd expect,...
	Didn't you know?
	Haven't you heard?
	I assure you,...
	On the whole,...
	To be honest,...
	Well, I'll tell you one thing.
	Well, there's just one thing.
	You know what I mean.
Asking for/ giving	Question forms
factual information	Can you tell me...?
Asking for/ giving	I'd like to know...
factual information	I'm looking for...
(cont.)	Could you help me...?
	Have you got...?
	Is there...?
	How much/How often...?
Asking for/ giving	Can, may, must, have to, be allowed to
permission/ prohibition	May I...?
	Can I/you...?
	Could I /you (possibly)...?
	Do you mind...?
	Would you mind if...?
	Would you mind...-ing?
	Would it be possible to...?
	I wonder if I/you could...?
	Would you...?
	Can't, mustn't, may not, oughtn't, shouldn't, had
	better not
Asking for/ giving	Connectives for reason giving: because, as since,
reason	owing to, because of, on account of.
	Linking adverbials of cause and reason:
	So, accordingly, hence, consequently, therefore,
	thus.
	Now that...
	Seeing that...
Asking for/ making	How about...?
suggestions	What about...?
	Shall we...?
	Why not...?
	If you....we'll...
	They said that...
	Would you like to...?
	Let's...?
	Let's not...
	.... instead.
	I've got a better idea.
	It would be better/more fun to...
	I'd rather...
	I'd prefer to...
	Why don't we...?
	I suggest...
	You could be... -ing while I'm away.
	You might...
	Better make it later.
	I've got a suggestion. Why don't we...?
	Now, if you don't mind...
	Why don't you...?
Asking for/ offering	Can you help me, please?
help	Could you help me, please?
	Could I possibly have...?
	I want to ask you a favour.
	I wonder if you could help me?
	I'd like some help.
	Will you do me a favour?
	Can I get you anything else?
	Can I help you?
	Have you got everything you need?
	Is there anything I can do?
	What can I do for you?
	Would you like me to help you with that?
	Would you like some help?
Attracting attention	Here. Here we are. I'm sorry to bother you. Listen. Look. Oh, look.
Changing the subject	Before I forget,... By the way,... Incidentally,... Now that you mention it,... Speaking of... That reminds me...
Checking facts	Are you sure? Do you think so? Is that all right? So, what do you think? Sure? Will that do?
Comparing and contrasting	Comparatives and superlatives -er than more than...than... as...as
Comparing and contrasting (cont.)	not as...as, not so... as more... than so... (that) such... (that) more of a..., as much of a..less of a the father..., the more the more the less ...is like... ... is similar to... ...resembles... ... both... ... neither... ...as...as...
Complaining	Everything's fine except for... I'm afraid I've got a complaint to make. It seems to be... It won't... There seems to be one thing missing. Well, I'm finding it a bit... Adjectives showing disapproval: awful, disgusting, not good enough, etc.
Correcting	Er, that's not quite correct. Well, I didn't exactly... Excuse me, I didn't mean...
Denying	Definitely not. No, actually. No, nothing like that. No, you're wrong, I'm afraid. Not exactly. Not necessarily. Not really, I'm afraid. Of course not. Surely not.
Describing characteristics and qualities	Present Simple Present Continuous to express habit Whose Wh- questions Yes/no questions He's got/she's got... He's/she's + Adj. What's... like? What does he look like? How is he?
Describing feelings	It makes me + Adj. It makes me + V(Adj •)
Describing how things/actions are done	Adverbs
Describing objects	Present Simple It's + Adj. It's made of... It's used for... Something/a thing (that)... Something/a thing that you wear when... Something/a thing that you use to.../for... -ing A thing for..-ing/with.../that lias... Stuff/liquid that.../for... You use it to.../for... -ing/when you You can... it A kind/sort of...
Describing objects (cont.)	A thing that goes f on top of/under/... ...a person who... ... a machine which... ... a place where... X is a... used for...-ing X is a... used to... A thing which...-s A thing for... -ing
Describing past habits	Used to Would Present tenses
Describing spatial relationships	Size and shape adjectives Place prepositions There is/there are In the foreground/background On the right/left It's +Adj.
Disagreeing	Come on, now. Oh, come on. Oh, surely not. You must be joking! Be reasonable about it, please. But first, shouldn't we...? Even so,... I'm not sure I agree with you. I mean... I'm not sure you're right. You see.. I see what you mean, but... Look at it this way. No, but really... Still,... That's all right for you, but... Well, then... Well, yes, but... Yes, but have you considered that...? Yes, but on the other hand,...
Disapproving >>	Oh' not again. That doesn't sound so good. That's the trouble.
Evaluating	I think the first one is very good. I don't think much of the second. What do you think of the fourth one? There's nothing in it. I think the fifth is better than the fourth.
Exemplifying	An example of this is when/the way... For a start,... For example/instance,... For one thing,... If you look at... Look at...
Exemplifying (cont.)	One more thing,... Take... Take for instance. To give you an example.
Expressing	Adverbs expressing certainty: probably, possibly,
(un)certainty	definitely, perhaps, maybe, doubtless, indubitably,
	undeniably, unquestionably
	I know that...
	I know what...
	I'm certain/sure that...
	They were convinced that...
	They were convinced of...
	It is obvious/clear/plain that...
	He has clearly/obviously/plainly...
	We do not doubt that...
	We have no doubt of...
	Without doubt,...
	I'm not certain/sure/convinced that...
	I'm not certain/sure whether...
	They were uncertain/unsure (of)...
	I doubt if...
	I don't think...
	There were some doubts about...
	We have doubts about...
	They were uncertain of/about
Expressing	Will be able to
ability/inability	Won't be able to
Expressing	I'm (rather/very) disappointed that...
disappointment and	It is (a little bit) disappointing that...
regret	It's a (great) shame/pity that...
	I'm sorry to hear that...
	I would have hoped that...
	I had hoped that...
	I wish (that) someone had let me know.
	If only I had known!
	Unfortunately,...
	I wish I hadn't...
	I shouldn't have...
	If I had done X, I wouldn't be doing Y now.
	If only I hadn't...
	I regret not having...
	It's a pity I didn't...
Expressing hopes	I hope I'll be able...
	I want(ed) to be...
	I want(ed) to...
	I hope to...
	I would like/love/hate to...
	I would like to start/stop/keep on... -ing
Expressing hopes	I expect to...
(cont.)	My parents/teachers want(ed) me to... and I still
	want to...
	But I changed my mind
	I think I have a good chance (of... -ing)
	I don't think I have much chance.
	When I retire I'm going to...
Expressing obligation	Must/mustn't, have to
and necessity	Should/shouldn't
	Don't have to
	Have to
	Have (got) to
	Ought to
	Need to
	Had better
	Shall
	Do you need...?
	Do you have to use a...?
	Is it essential/necessary to...?
	It's essential/useful/optional/necessary/advisable,
	etc.
	You need/don't need a...
	You have to/don't have to...
	I need to...
	I want to...
Expressing preferences	Comparative and superlative adjectives
	I'd like...
	I'd rather...
	... would be better
	to prefer N to N
	to prefer... -ing to... -ing
	rather than to..., he prefers to...
	rather than... -ing she prefers... -ing
	I'd prefer to... rather than...
	I'd rather... than...
Expressing probability,	Ought to
possibility/	Should
improbability,	It is quite probable/likely that
impossibility	He is probably...
	They have very likely did it.
	It is likely to finish late.
	Shouldn't
	Oughtn't to
	It is improbable/unlikely that
	Absolutely impossible.
	It can't be...
	It might be/it could be
	It looks like...
	If I had..., what would have happened
	If I hadn't..., what would have happened
Expressing wishes	I wish I could... I wish I had... I wish I was...
Forgiving	Don't worry. It doesn't matter, really. Not at all. That's OK.
Giving confirmation	Absolutely correct. Correct. I'll say it is. That's correct. That's right. Yes, actually. Yes, definitely. Yes, indeed. Yes, that's right. Yes, you are right. You must be right. You're right first time.
Giving orders and instructions	Imperative forms Must Sequencers: firstly, next, then, after that, finally, etc. Before... it is important to...
Greeting	Good morning/afternoon/evening. Hello. Hi. Hello, nice to see you. Hi, there.
'Hesitating	Let me see... Let me think... Let's see...
Hypothesising	Past tenses Conditionals Could have, might have, may have, can't have What would you do if...? He/she'd... It must/might/could/can't be/have been... He/she must/might/could/can't have
Identifying belongings	Possessive adjectives
Introducing oneself/ others	May I introduce (you to)...? This is... Meet... I don't think you've met...
Making an additional point Making an additional point (cont)	Besides,... But that's not all. Well, that's not quite all. What's more,...
Making and cancelling plans and arrangements	Going to/ Present Continuous/ Future continuous for arrangements that have been made Will for making arrangements Would like/would rather/would prefer How about...? What about...? Let's... Shall we...? Would you like to...? You can't... You'll have to... I'm sorry/I'm afraid I can't/ I'll have to/ it won't be possible to...
Making conclusions and stating results	Subordinate clauses with so, so that, therefore Must
Making predictions	Will/going to for future predictions and speculation Will have Will be It looks as if My guess is that...
Making/ responding to parting remarks	Goodbye; Cheers. (Bye)-bye. See you. See you at six o'clock. Cheerio. So long. See you later. See you tomorrow. Good night. Goodbye. It's been nice knowing you. I'll see you, then. I've got to go now. Must you go so soon?
Opening a conversation	I don't know if you're aware of this, but... I don't suppose you know... Now... Tell me... You know,... You probably won't believe this, but...
Persuading	It's obvious that... You must agree that... Why don't you...? Do sit down. I'll... if you... How about...
Putting a different	After all,...
point of view	All the same,...
	Anyway,... At any rate,….
Restating	... in fact...
	... in other words...
	... that is...
	... that is to say...
	That means...
	You mean...
	You mean to say that...
Setting conditions	Would you...?
	Will you...?
	If I give you will you give me...?
	How about...?
	I'll... if...
	Shall I...?
	I'll...
	Would you like...?
Showing surprise	It's (rather) surprising/amazing/astonishing that...
	I am/was (very) surprised that...
	What a surprise!
	How strange/odd/astonishing/amazing that...!
	Wasn't it extraordinary that...?
	Surprisingly/strangely/incredibly,...
	Really! I'd no idea.
	That's a surprise.
	That's amazing.
	That's funny.
	That's incredible!
	Well, I'm surprised.
	Well, that's amazing!
Stating and justifying	Connectives for reason giving: because, so that etc.
opinions	I/We need/want...
	I think that...
	In my opinion...
	To my mind,...
	It would be better/more reasonable etc. to...
	Be reasonable about it, please.
	But first, shouldn't we...?
	Even so,...
	I'm not sure I agree with you. I mean...
	I'm not sure you are right. You see...
	I see what you mean, but...
	Look at it this way.
	That's all right for you, but...
	Yes, but have you considered that...?
Stating and justifying opinions (cont)	Yes, but on the other hand,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think... I could be wrong, but I think... I personally think... If you want to know what I think,... I'm not at all sure that... I'm not sure, but I think that... In my personal opinion... My concern is... Not everybody will agree with me, but... Personally, I feel that... This is what I think...
Stating consequences	So, therefore, thus, accordingly, hence, consequently Which means/meant that... So...that
Stating intentions	Present continuous Will/shall with personal subjects Intend, mean, aim + infinitive clause I'm going to... I've been meaning to...
Stating the problem	The main point is... The most important thing is... The problem is... The trouble is...
Sympathising	Oh' bad luck. Oh dear, I am sorry to hear that. Oh, poor you! Oh, that's terrible. Oh, what a pity! That's a pity. That's awful. That's terrible! That's too bad. Too bad. What a shame!
Talking about likes and dislikes	Like, love, interested in, hate, can't stand, etc. Like doing v. like to do Do you like/enjoy...? Are you interested in...? Which do you prefer...? I like/enjoy/hate/prefer/am interested in... Adverbials of degree: Hike... I quite like... I really like... I like... very much
Talking about likes and	I love...
dislikes (cont.)	I don't mind...
	I don't like...
	I don't much like...
	I really don't like...
	I don't like... at all.
Thanking and	Thank you (very much) for... -ing
responding to thanks	I'd like to thank you for... -ing
	I'd like to say thank you for... -ing
	Thanks a lot.
	Thanks for your advice.
	Thanks. You've been most helpful.
	Thank you for your help.
	Many thanks.
	Not at all.
	That's all right.
	You're welcome.
	Don't give it another thought.
	That's perfectly all right.
	That's quite all right.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16