Past perf cont, past perfect, past cont

1.If we talk about how many times something happened in a period up to a particular time, we use the past perfect NOT the past perf cont

I had stayed in this hotel twice in the 90s

How many times had you watched this episode yesterday?

2. The past perf cont is more used in written text than in speech. Again, DON’T BE A LINGUESTIC PERVERT

THE FUTURE

We can use will or be going to when we talk about something that is planned or is likely to happen in the future, but be going to is more informal.

· We use will when we make a prediction based on our own opinion or experience

· We use be going to when we make a prediction based on some present evidence

· We use will or be going to with phrases like I bet, I reckon, I expect, I hope etc

· We use will when we make a decision at the moment of speaking

· We use be going to when the decision had been already made in the past (but in formal style we still use will in that case)

We can use either present simple or will to talk about future event that are a part of a timetable. Present simple is preferable for fixed, unchangeable events. Will (be going to or just present cont) is used for less formal and less routine arrangements.

We use present simple and not will when referred to the future when:

o In time clauses with conjunctions such as after, as soon as, before, by the time, when, while

o In conditional clauses with if, in case, provided

o When we talk about the possible events with suppose, supposing and what if at the beginning of a sentence.

We can use present cont or be going to with a similar meaning. The present cont indicates that we have a firm intention or have made a definite decision to do something, although this may not already be arranged.

However we don’t use present cont in the future when:

o When we report or make predictions about events we have no control over

o When we talk about permanent future situations

Don’t use be going to + go/come, it doesn’t sound nice.

Future continuous and future perfect cont: I will be going to and I will have been doing

When we use both FP and FPC we usually mention the specific future time.

We can use the future continuous to talk about:

o Something that is predicted to start before a particular point of future time, and that may continue after that point (often the result of a previous arrangement)

o A future activity that is regularly repeated

o When we don’t want to indicate willingness, intention we use future cont instead of will

o When we talk about arranged activities and plans I the future

Future perfect and future perfect cont: I will have done and I will have been doing

We use the future perfect to say that something will be ended, completed, or achieved by a particular time in the future.

-By the time you get home, I will have clened the house from top to bottom.

We use the future perfect cont to emphasize the duration of an activity in progress at a particular point In the future

-Next year I will be studying sociology for 8 years.

The future cont, FP and FPC can also be used to say what we believe or imagine is happening right now:

-Most people would have forgotten the fire by now

-He won’t be using his car today, we can borrow it.

We can use FPC to say what we think what happening in the past:

- She will have been asking herself whether drinking 4 shots of vodka is a good idea after she woke up In an airport in Portugal last week.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16