Scarlet Fever

Words: pulse rate; antiepidemic measures; incidence; complications; preparations; rash; complaint of; innate; relieves; disappearance; onset; symptoms; development; preventing; duration; face.

The … of scarlet fever is the highest during the second five years of life. Infants are rarely attacked, but after the age of six months their … immunity gradually lanes.

Hemolytic streptococcus of group A is commonly associated with scarlet fever.

The usual incubation period is three days. It is always less than a week, but may be as long as six days or as short as twelve hours. The … is usually sudden and it is accompanied by chillness, vomiting, headache and a sore throat. As in diphtheria and acute tonsillitis, the child often makes no … of sore throat, which only may be discovered on routine examination. The … is flushed and the skin feels hot and dry. In children a rapid … out of proportion to the height of temperature is one of the features of the disease. The … appears in twenty-four to forty-eight hours.

Occasionally it arises simultaneously with the first …, or may be delayed until the fifth or sixth day of the disease. The usual … of rash is three days, a profuse rash causing considerable itching.

The temperature continues to rise with the progressive … of the rash. Later defervescence occurs with the … of the rash and reaches the normal at about the seventh to tenth day of the illness.

Scarlet fever may bring about serious … such as otitis, nephritis, rheumocarditis, endocarditis, myocarditis, lymphadenitis, mastoiditis, pneumonia.

The treatment for scarlet fever consists of giving antibacterial and antistreptococcal …. The use of penicillin and other antibiotics not only … the clinical course of disease but is an effective means of … complications. General … are carried out, prophylactic inoculation and sero-immunization being of great importance for prevention of scarlet fever.

3. The following sentences have been removed from the text. Decide in which gap each one should go:

A. Meningitis is treated in the hospital with the help of antibiotics.

B. The second stage of the disease represents the period when the bacteria are being carried by the blood stream.

C. The disease is transmitted by droplet infection from the nasopharynx of patients or healthy carries.

D. Meningitis is an acute infectious disease caused by a germ called meningococcus.

Meningitis

1…………………………… It is characterized by primary infection of the nasopharynx, secondary invasion of the blood stream, and by inflammation of the covering of the brain.

2…………………………… Entry is through the nose and throat, from which the bacteria enter the blood stream and are carried to the brain, where they bring about the infection. The disease is most common in the late winter and early spring. The incubation period of meningitis is from two to ten days. The first stage of the disease may be without symptoms or there may be evidence of an upper respiratory infection with a nasal discharge which contains the bacteria.

3…………………………… The patient is apathetic and indifferent, his speech is monosyllabic and he is silent and immobile. The temperature at first may rise only slightly, but a bluish skin color is common, and the patient’s skin is sore to be touch. In this second stage a rash may develop, the patches varying greatly in size. They are red and fade after four or five days, leaving irregular brownish stains.

4…………………………… In-patients should follow all the doctors’ administration, otherwise complications, such as delirium or coma, may develop.

Say which statements are true and which are false:

a) The disease is transmitted by blood transfusion;

b) Meningitis is an acute infectious disease caused by a germ called pneumococcus;

c) The patches of different size may appear on the patient’s skin;

d) The discharge from the patient’s nose contains the bacteria.

e) The onset of the disease is very sudden.

4. Read the text and say if the statement is true, false or no information is given:

A. If measles in childhood, it evokes permanent immunity;

B. Americans are immunized against some diseases when they are slightly over a year old;

C. The first of the viral vaccines produced was from measles;

D. The vaccine from smallpox became available in the XIX^th century.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16