The Future Indefinite Tense

We use the Future Indefinite Tense to express: 1. the speaker’s opinions, assumptions, speculations, predictions about the future; usually after the verbs to assume, to know, to suppose, to think, to wonder, to expect, to hope, to be afraid, etc, and with words perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, etc.: Example: It will probably be cold. 2. a decision at the moment of taking it (on-the-spot decision): Example: I’ll take this leg of lamb. 3. future habitual actions, or events and situations which will definitely happen in the future and which we cannot control, in news broadcasts for formal announcements of future plans, weather forecast: Example: Spring will come again. There will be rain in Moscow tonight. 4. – command (with the 2^nd and 3^rd person): Example: You will come here tomorrow not later than 10. 5. – refusal to perform an action (in negative sentences): Example: I won’t argue with you. 6. – a request, an invitation, suggestion, offer (in questions): Example: Will you ask him to ring me back? 7. – promise (usu with verbs promise, swear, guarantee), threat, warning (with the 2^nd and 3^rd person): Example: I promise I’ll do it. 8. – a succession of actions in the future: Example: We’ll talk about the weather and then we’ll have dinner. 9. – stereotyped sentences: Well, we’ll see. It’ll do you good. It won’t do them harm. No good will come of it. You’ll go far. 10. a future action in the object clauses of a compound sentence: Example: I don’t know if/whether the play will be interesting. 11. in the main clause of a complex sentence with the subordinate clause expressing condition or time: Example: I will open the door if you help me stand up. Note! a- Subordinate clauses of condition are introduced by conjunctions if, even if, provided (that), suppose/supposing, in case, unless, if only, on condition that: Example: I will help you, if you help me. The verb in the subordinate clause (if -clause) is in the present tense, the verb in the main clause is in the future simple. It doesn’t matter which comes first. Example: If he runs, he’ll get there in time. The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. This type of sentence implies that the action in the if -clause is quite probable. Note that the meaning here is present or future, but the verb in the if -clause is in a present, not in a future tense. if + will/wouldis only possible with some certain special meanings. b- Subordinate clauses of time are introduced by conjunctionsafter, as, as soon as, before, till/until, when, whenever, while, etc: I’ll stay till you get back. (REMEMBER! We do not use a future form in a time clause.)   NOTICE:We also use will/shall as modal verbs: ♦ will you...? to give an order or make a request. e.g. Will you stop talking, please? (= Please stop talking.) ♦ won't to express unwillingness or an emphatic refusal, even when the subject is not a person. e.g. I've told him not to do that, but he won't listen. (= He refuses to listen.) The washing machine won't work. ♦ We use wouldn't to refer to the past. e.g. I asked him to help me, but he wouldn't. (= He was unwilling to help me.) ♦ Shall I/we...? a) to make an offer. e.g. Shall I do the washing-up for you? (= Do you want me to do the washing-up for you?) b) to make a suggestion. e.g. Shall we go out for dinner tonight? (= Why don't we go out for dinner tonight?) c) to ask for suggestions or instructions. e.g. 'Where shall I put the vase?' 'On the table.' 'What shall we do tonight?' 'We could go out' d) asking after the will of the person: Example: Shall I bring you some coffee?

Ex. 1

Read the text and explain the use of the Future Indefinite Tense.

At University

The classes at our University will start on the first of September. We shall speak about the subjects we shall study. We shall have lectures, practical work, seminars and lessons. We shall have compulsory and optional courses. The monitors of the groups will check the attendance at the lectures. We shall study many subjects and English is one of them. We will not only read and translate articles and stories, but speak English fluently as well. With the help of tape recorders we shall improve our intonation. We shall have English lessons six hours a day. The greater part of the lesson will be oral speech. We shall work a lot to improve our reading skills. In class we shall read in chorus and pay attention to the pronunciation. Such kind of work will be very useful.

Ex. 2

Say what your decision is in these situations or what you offer to do. Use these verbs and phrases:

air, answer, renew, tidy, post, carry, catch, have, give a lift, shut, switch on.

1. You and your friend have come into the room. The window is open, and it’s cold.

2. The phone is ringing. You are the nearest person to it.

3. The choice of the menu is fish or chicken. You hate fish.

4. You are meeting a friend at the station. He has two suitcases. There’s a bag too.

5. Your friend has written a letter. You are going to walk into town past the post office.

6. It has got dark and we have drawn the curtains.

7. Our summerhouse is shabby and dilapidated.

8. I live on the outskirts of the city.

9. A cock is out of the hen-house.

10. My bedsitter is cluttered and untidy.

11. It’s too stuffy and close in your study.

Ex. 3

Say what will happen next weekend.

1. it/be/warm/tomorrow

2. Tom/watch/the match

3. Harriet’s party/be/fun

4. Trevor/not put up/the shelves

5. Laura/be/annoyed

6. Andrew/study/all weekend

7. Rachel/not do/any work

8. Henry/take/English exam.

9. Ann/write/composition.

10. I/go/holidays.

11.... (use your own ideas)

Ex. 4

Translate the sentences into English.

Привіт, Ірино.

Пишу, щоб розповісти тобі останні новини.

Нещодавно ми купили затишну двохповерхову квартиру на 5 поверсі хмарочосу, від якого рукою подати до центру міста.

У нашій просторій вітальні ми поставимо м’який куточок, оббитий шкірою, на якому будуть лежати кілька різнокольорових декоративних подушечок. Посередині кімнати ми поставимо скляний журнальний столик. Біля стіни буде стояти телевізор на підставці. Там же буде відеомагнітофон та музикальний центр. А колонки ми розмістимо по куткам, щоб мати кращий звук. На вікно ми повісимо гарні занавіски та тюль, які будуть пасувати шпалерам. На паркетній підлозі ми покладемо персидський килим, а на стелі буде висіти шикарна кришталева люстра, яку нам подарував наш далекий родич на честь 20-ї річниці шлюбу моїх батьків.

Ось і все. А про те, як ми облаштуємо нашу кухню та спальню я розповім тобі у наступному листі. З нетерпінням чекаю відповіді.

Цілую. Аня.

Ex. 5

Match the beginnings and ends of these signs.

If you see a cow lying down, If you find a four leaf clover, If you wish on a falling star, If you spill some salt, If your ear is itchy, If you break a mirror, If you lose a top tooth, If you lose a bottom tooth, If you bring someone a gift of four things, If you eat special seasonal on the first day of the season and face east and laugh with your mouth open, If you sleep facing North, If you whistle in the night, If you lie down immediately after eating, If your nose itches, If your palm itches, If the sky falls, If you run after two hares, When the cat is away, The fire which warms us at a distance,

a snake will come to you. you will get some money. you will catch neither. you will have bad luck and may die. you will become a cow. we’ll catch larks. it will rain. you will have good luck. you will have a fight or kiss a fool. your wish will come true. the mice will play. you should throw a pinch of salt over your right shoulder. will burn us when near. someone is talking about you. you will have 7 years of bad luck. you will have an abundance of food. you should throw it on the roof. you should bury it in the ground. it will give that person a bad luck.

Ex. 6

The following sentences refer to the future. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verb in brackets:

1.He … a report if you … him the material (to make, to give). 2. You … miserable tomorrow if you … to bed now (to look, not to go). 3. If you … to work next year you … to study in the evening department (to want, to have). 4. He … as a school-teacher as soon as he … from university (to work, to graduate). 5. Every student … to improve his pronunciation if he … to English records (to be able, to listen). 6. Nobody... what... in ten or twenty years if life... tougher and tougher (to know, to happen, to get). 7. I... a message at the office in case the customer... (to leave, to phone). 8. If Linda... to learn Italian, she... attend a special course (to want, to have to). 9. I... always by your side as long as you... to listen to me (to be, to promise). 10. We... the teacher-parent meeting this week, provided no one... (to have, to object).

Ex. 7

Complete the following sentences using topical vocabulary:

1. You will easily catch up with your group if you ….

2. He will remain a part-time student as long as he ….

3. He will definitely make a highly qualified interpreter in case he ….

4. Students will speak English fluently if ….

5. You will improve your pronunciation if you ….

6. Every applicant will be enrolled to the University when he/she ….

Ex. 8

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