Past Perfect Continuous.

Rule

We form the past perfect continuous with the verb to have (in past simple) +been and V+ing.

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
	Long form	Short form
I had been listening You had been listening   He had been listening   She had been listening   It had been listening We had been listening   Youhad been listening   They had been listening	I had not been listening You had not been listening He had not been listening She had not been listening It had not been listening We had not been listening You had not been listening They had not been listening	I hadn’t been listening You hadn’t been listening He hadn’t been listening   She hadn’t been listening It hadn’t been listening We hadn’t been listening   You hadn’t been listening They hadn’t been listening	Had I been listening? Had you finished?   Had he finished?   Had she finished?   Had it finished? Had we finished?   Had you finished?   Had they finished?

Rule

The Past Perfect Continuous is used for:

· to put emphasis on the duration of an action which started and finished in the past before another past action or a stated time in the past, usually with since or for. E.g. They had been skating together for five years before they entered the competition.

· for an action which lasted for some lime in the past and whose result was visible in the past. E.g. She had been work­ing hard that day, so she was tired. (She spent all day working hard and the result of the action was visible in the past, too.)

Time expressions used with past perfect continuous:

for, since, how long, before, until etc.

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the past perfect continuous.

1. Sophie …had been painting… (paint) the walls all day before she finished them.

2. …………………………… (you / wait) long when the boss announced that he couldn't see you?

3. Tom …………………………… (look) for a job for six months when he found one.

4. We …………………………… (watch) TV for half an hour when the doorbell rang.

5. They …………………………… (sunbathe) for an hour when it started to rain.

6. Stan …………………………… (work) as a postman for forty years when he retired.

7. I …………………………… (live) in France for ten years when I met my husband.

2. Fill in the gaps with one of the verbs from the list in the past perfect continuous.

play, work, walk, wait discuss, sit  

1. She was wet. She … had been walking... in the rain.

2. They were happy. They …………………………… together for hours.

3. He was irritated. He ……………………………for the bus for half an hour.

4. He was hot. He…………………………… in the barn.
5. She was suntanned. She …………………………… in the sun for hours.

6. They were tired. They…………………………. Business problems for four hours.

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect or the past perfect continuous.

Yesterday was a bad day for Andrew. He... hadn't slept … (not / sleep) well because there was a terrible storm in the night. After he ………………………… (have) a shower, he made breakfast. After he ………………………… (eat), he got into his car and drove to work. He ………………………… (only / drive) for five minutes when he remembered that he ………………………… (leave) his briefcase at home. He turned the car around and went home again. Then, he realised that he ………………………… (lock) himself out. The keys were still,

inside the house! Andrew was already late for work, so he decided to leave the briefcase and go to work. When he arrived, his secretary told him that his boss

………………………… (try) to call him at home. Andrew went to find his boss. When he asked his boss why he ………………………… (call), he told him that it hadn’t been necessary for him to come to work that day after all! Poor Andrew drove all the way home again.

The Future.

Present Continuous	Be going to	Future Simple
We form the present continuous with the to be and verb with the –ing suffix. E.g. They are having a party tonight.	We form with the verb to be (is, am, are)+ going to + verb   E.g. They are going tohave a party.	We form Future Simple with will + verb Negative form is Will not-won’t E.g. They will have a party next week.
· Actions we have already arranged to do in the near future. E.g. I am meeting Ann at two o’clock. · With verbs of movement come, travel, go, fly, leave, etc. E.g. I am leaving to Paris tomorrow.	· For plans and intensions for the (near) future. E.g. I’m going to play football in the afternoon. · When there is evidence that something is going to happen in the near future. E.g.It is going to rain. There are clouds in the sky.	· For actions which are not definite. E.g. We’ll buy a car one day. · For predictions about the future. E.g. You’ ll be a professional one day. · For promises and on-the-spot decisions. E.g. I’ll buy you this ring. · With the verbs hope, think, believe, expect, probably, perhaps, I’m sure, I’m afraid.
Time expressions
Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week / month, tonight, soon, in a week / year, etc.

1. Write questions. All the sentences are future.

1. (you / go / out / tonight?) ………. Are you going out tonight? …………………..

2. (you / work / next week?) ……………………………………………………….

3. (what / you / do / tomorrow evening?) ……………………………………………

4. (what time / Rob and Sue / come?) ………………………………………………

5. (when / Liz / go / on holiday?) ……………………………………………………

2. Use the words in brackets to write sentences. All the sentences are future. Use the present continuous or present simple.

1. (I / not / go out / tonight)

…………….I am not going out tonight ………………

2. (the concert / start / at 8.15) ……………………………………………………………………………….

3. (I / meet / my friends this evening) ……………………………………………………………………………….

4. (Tom / not / come / to the party on Thursday)

………………………………………………………………………………

5. (The English course / finish / on 10 May)

………………………………………………………………………………

6. (my sister / get / married next December)

………………………………………………………………………………

7. (my train / leave / at 8.45) ……………………………………………………........................................

8. (I / not / go / to London tomorrow) ………………………………………………………………………………

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