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a) What is the difference between economic and technical activities? (___)
b) What helps to get a general idea of the country? (___)
c) What kind of information is essential for preliminary survey? (___)
d) Are there any new technologies used in surveying? (___)
e) Surveying and designing are carried out by the same specialists, aren’t they? (___)
f) What does a typical railway design provide for? (___)
g) Track geometry is a very important aspect of construction, isn’t it?
III.
3.1 Look at the following list of words. Some of them can be related to “Country features” and some to “Investigations”. Choose the words from the list and write them in the right place.
geological, flat, broken, soil-science, easy, climatic, difficult, hydrological
3.2 Look at the diagrams in 3.1 and complete the definition.
Surveying means complex activities including _______, ________, _____, _____ and other investigations to determine the position of constructed objects in relation to the country features (______, _____, _____, _____).
3.3 What is common for all these words? Translate them into Russian.
3.4 Complete the diagram with the words from the text.
3.5 Find the English equivalents in the text:
Проводить изыскания; экономические изыскания; технические изыскания; топографические карты; равнинная/пересеченная местность; режим реки; поверхность земли; геометрия пути; трасса; продольный профиль; проводить исследования; полоса отвода; разрабатывать технические решения; безопасное и бесперебойное движение поездов; реконструкция и обновление; защита окружающей среды.
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