Text 1.

Study and translate the following terms:

empennage – the rear part of an aircraft, comprising the fin, rudder, and tailplane.

pitch – to deviate from a stable flight attitude by movement of the longitudinal axis about the lateral axis

yaw – the angular movement of an aircraft, missile, etc., about its vertical axis.

fin – a vertical surface to which the rudder is attached, usually placed at the rear of an aeroplane to give stability about the vertical axis US name: vertical stabilizer.

tailplane – a small horizontal wing at the tail of an aircraft to provide longitudinal stability Also called (esp. US): horizontal stabilizer.

fuselage – the main body of an aircraft, excluding the wings, tailplane, and fin.

elevator – a control surface on the tailplane of an aircraft, for making it climb or descend.

rudder – a vertical control surface attached to the rear of the fin used to steer an aircraft, in conjunction with the ailerons.

aileron – a flap hinged to the trailing edge of an aircraft wing to provide lateral control, as in a bank or roll.

trim tab – a small control surface attached to the trailing edge of a main control surface to enable the pilot to trim an aircraft.

camber – airfoil (aerofoil) curvature expressed by the ratio of the maximum height of the aerofoil mean line to its chord.

deflect – to turn or cause to turn aside from a course.

canard – an aircraft in which the tailplane is mounted in front of the wing.

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