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Mikhail Lomonosov
Mikhail Lomonosov was born in 1711 in the family of a fisherman not far from Archangelsk. When he was ten years of age, his father began to take him sea fishing. The dangerous life of a fisherman taught him to observe the natural phenomena more closely. During the long winter nights young Lomonosov studied his letters, grammar and arithmetic diligently.
Being the son of a peasant, he was refused admission the local school. After some years, through concealing his peasant origin, he gained admission to the Slavonic- Greek- Latin Academy. The noblemen's sons studying with him made fun of the twenty-year-old giant. But Mikhail made rapid progress.
After five years came the chance of entering the Academy of Science, as there were not enough noble-born students to fill the quota. His ability and diligence attracted the attention of professors. One of three best students Mikhail was sent abroad. He spent all the time there studying the works of leading European scientists in chemistry, metallurgy, mining and mathematics. On his return to Russia in 1745 he was made a professor and was the first Russian scientist to become a member of the Academy of Science.
For versatility Lomonosov has no equal in Russian science. Many of his ideas and discoveries only won recognition in the nineteenth century. He was the first to discover the vegetable origin of coal. As a poet and scientist Lomonosov played a great role in the formation of the Russian literary language, eliminating distortions and unnecessary foreign words. He died in 1765. His living memorial is the Moscow University which he founded in 1755.
Пояснения к тексту
To conceal one's peasant – скрыть свое крестьянское происхождение
To fill the quota – чтобы набрать нужное количество
The vegetable origin of – растительное происхождение угля
To eliminate distortions – устранить диспропорции
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