Words and Word combinations. niece - племянница

niece - племянница

to suffer – переносить, страдать

dread – страх, боязнь

gum line – линия десен

harrowing – мучительный

to emerge – появляться, возникать

cheery - отпимистичный

slurp - хлюпать, хлебать

gap – щель

dim – тусклый

baffling - загадочный

precipitous growth – стремительный рост

infancy – раннее детство

to probe – исследовать

studies – исследования

to undergo - подвергаться

early in development – на ранних этапах

elaborative - продуманный

robust – крепкий, надежный

tend to be – иметь склонность, как правило

Topic	Key words	Thesis plan	Question plan
§1
	accident, broke a front tooth, dim memory	Example of memory loss before the age of 7 years	What is the example of memory loss?
1. Nearly-4-year-old girl suffered the accident and broke a front tooth but she probably won’t remember any of this when she’s an adult

§2
	childhood amnesia, phenomenon, memories	Childhood amnesia as a cause of this phenomenon	What is the cause of memory loss?
2. Kids can remember events before the age of 3, but when they’re a bit older, early memories are lost – this is childhood amnesia phenomenon

§3
	the cause, baffling memory-loss, precipitous growth	Possible explanation for the phenomenon	What is the explanation of the phenomenon?
3. The precipitous growth of new cells in the hippocampus during infancy may be a possible cause ofchildhood amnesia

§4
	research, groups of 3-year olds, interview	The preventing access to memories problem and it’s research	What is the essence of an experiment to study the mechanism of childhood memories?
4. Scientists make a research where they had interviewed groups of 3-year olds about events that had happened over the prior three months and then asked children about these events 3 years later

§5
	Result, 60% of events, 40% or fewer of the events	Result of the research	What is the result of the research?
5. The kids between 5 and 7 years remembered over 60% of events, 8 and 9 remembered 40% or fewer of the events, and they had begun to talk about their memories in a different way.

§6
	biological processes, neural structures	Explanatory hypothesis of childhood amnesia	What is the explanation of childhood amnesia?
6. It has to do with basic biological processes, as neural structures undergo a lot of postnatal development.

§7
	parents	Parental influence on the children memories stability	How can parents affect on children memories?
7. Parents can asking lots of questions like "Tell me more" and "What happened?" and allowing the kids to guide the description to make children’s memories more robust

§8
	different points in development, studies	Further studies of the problem	What are further studies consist on?
8. Further studies consist on interviewing children about memories at different points in their development
	earliest memories	Bauer hypothesis about the childhood amnesia causes	What is the hypothesis of childhood amnesia causes?
9. The earliest memories tend to be ones filled with emotion, either positive or negative.

Summary

Nearly-4-year-old girl suffered the accident and broke a front tooth but she probably won’t remember anything about this when she’s an adult. Kids can remember events before the age of 3, but when they’re a bit older, early memories are lost – this is childhood amnesia phenomenon. Starting point for childhood amnesia is at 7years. The possible cause ofchildhood amnesia may be the precipitous growth of new cells in the hippocampus during infancy.

Scientists make a research where they had interviewed groups of 3-year olds about events that had happened over the prior three months and then asked children about these events 3 years later. The kids between 5 and 7 years remembered over 60% of events, 8 and 9 remembered 40% or fewer of the events, and they had begun to talk about their memories in a different way. It has to do with basic biological processes, as neural structures undergo a lot of postnatal development. Early in development those structures are working, but not very efficiently - children are forming memories, but through natural processes those are fading and becoming inaccessible.

Parents also have an effect on kids’ memories of events. They can asking lots of questions like "Tell me more" and "What happened?" and allowing the kids to guide the description to make children’s memories more robust.

There will be further studies which consist on interviewing children about memories at different points in their development. Scientists say that the earliest memories tend to be ones filled with emotion, either positive or negative.

The text deals with childhood amnesia phenomenon.

An example of memory loss with a story about an accident with 4-year-old girl is mentioned. Further the article shortly describes the cause of memory-loss problem. It is the childhood amnesia phenomenon which is that kids can remember events before the age of 3, but when they’re a bit older, early memories are lost. The author gives the explanation of phenomenon in precipitous growth of new cells in the hippocampus during infancy.

Furthermore memory-loss researches are spoken. Author points out research results which show that kids between 5 and 7 years remember over 60% of events, 8 and 9 remember 40% or fewer of the events. The childhood amnesia explanation is discussed. Parent’s role in kid’s memory and further researches are noted.

Finally, the hypothesis about the childhood amnesia causes is stated. The author emphasizes that the earliest memories tend to be ones filled with emotion, either positive or negative.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-24