Additional literature. 3. John and Liz Soars New Headway

3. John and Liz Soars New Headway. Intermediate level. Student’s book. Oxford, 2009.

4. John and Liz Soars New Headway. Intermediate level. Work book. Oxford, 2009.

5. Audio discs of “New English File” for Intermediate level, Disc-1,2.

Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Hand out

English as a Foreign LanguageDepartment of General Humanitarian Training

2 credits Academic year the 2012-2013

Practical lesson 7 The 3^rd term

Intermediate level

Lexical theme: National identity.

Grammar: Must, have to, should (obligation).

Assistant professor Sariyeva Aida Kamzaevna

Warming up: Explain this proverb and give examples “ Every country has its customs”

Grammar: must, have to, should (obligation)

Obligation/necessity: have to/must (+infinitive)

Must –is more common for specific or personal obligations.

Have to - is more common for general, external obligations, for example rules and laws.

Compare: I must buy a new shirt- this one is too old now.(It’s my own decision)

I have to wear shirt and tie at work (It’s the rule at this company).

Have to is a normal verb and it exists in all tenses. Must is a Modal verb.

No obligation/necessity: don’t have to.

You don’t have to pay for the tickets. They are free.

Prohibition: mustn’t (+infinitive). You mustn’t eat that cake-it’s for birthday.

Should is not so strong as must and have to. We use it to say if we think something is the right or wrong thing to do: You should take warm clothes. It might be cold at night there.

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