Standard atom

• Since the mass of an atom would be extremely small when measured in grams, it would be more convenient to measure the masses of atoms relative to a standard atom.
• The standard atom chosen is (carbon-12) isotope. An atom of carbon-12 is taken to have a mass of 12 atomic mass unit (amu).
• Since one carbon-12 atom has 6 proton and 6 neutron,

mass of one proton (neutron) = mass of one carbon-12 atom

= 1 amu (atomic mass unit)

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